【作者】 汪强；

【导师】 谭金芳； 介晓磊； 李有田；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 土壤学， 2001， 硕士

【摘要】 本文通过网室试验和室内分析相结合，研究了四个基因型小麦品种扬花期和成熟期钾素营养性状，分析了各基因型小麦钾素营养的特点。初步研究结果表明：(1)吸钾能力高的品种钾利用率不一定就高，植株应该有一个适当的钾积累量才是最主要的。衡量耐低钾品种既要根据积累量，还要根据产量，两者都高才好。(2)在衡量小麦品种耐低钾特性中以钾的生物有效率为基本依据时，则兰考906为供试品种中耐低钾的品种；以钾利用效率率作为衡量标准时，温麦6号和偃展1号属钾利用高效品种。用钾肥利用率作为衡量标准时温麦6号是一个对钾肥反应良好的品种；(3)不同基因型小麦成熟期穗壳和根部的钾含量和钾积累与经济产量存在显著的正相关关系，与茎和叶中的钾含量和钾积累量相关性不显著。(4)不同基因型小麦钾经济效率与小麦扬花期的钾利用效率呈极显著正相关，用扬花期的钾利用效率指标与成熟期的钾经济效率指标来衡量小麦钾效率时是一致的。(5)小麦成熟期钾主要积累在茎杆和叶部位，籽粒中最少；氮和磷主要积累在籽粒中，茎杆和叶部位最少。(6)粒重与茎杆和叶部的氮含量、氮积累量呈负相关关系，说明籽粒中的氮主要是由叶和茎杆中的氮供应的。钾水平的提高有助于氮从茎杆和叶中转移列籽粒中从而提高小麦籽粒产量。(7)偃展1号和温麦6号茎杆和叶部的相 对氮积累量两种押水平下均较低，而籽粒中氮积累量较高，说明 这两个品种钾利用高效的原因是对叶和茎杆中氮的再利用能力飞 强。侣） 小麦成熟期们K比与钾利用效率呈显著正相关关系。仰 高效小麦基因型必然伴随着氮的高效。更多还原

【Abstract】 The essay studied the characters of potassium nutrition of four wheat genotypes in flowering and maturity stage. The results obtained are as follows: (1) The genotypes with high absorption ability of potassium is not probably high in use efficiency. It is essential for the plant to get a proper potassium accumulation. Judging the tolerance to low potassium level depends on not only the accumulation but also grain yield, it will be better when the both are high. (2) Judging the characteristic of the tolerance to low potassium level according to the potassium biological availability, the variety of Lankao 906 is the good one among the tested varieties: when judging with potassium use efficiency as standard, Wenmai 6 and Yanzhan 1 are the good ones with high efficiency; when regarding with potash use efficiency as basis, Wenmai 6 is the right one with excellent respond to potash; (3)There is significant positive correlation between economic output and potassium content and accumulation in ear shell and root in mature stage while the correlation betweem potassium content and potassiumaccumulation in stem and leaves are not. (4)There is significant positive correlation between potassium economic efficiency and potassium utilization rate in flowering stage, and it is consistent to judge wheat potassium efficiency by potassium use efficiency in flowering stage and potassium economic efficiency in mature stage . (5)Potassium accumulates mainly in stem and leaves and only small part is in grain in mature stage, while Nitrogen and phosphate distribute in the opposite tendency. (6)There is negative correlation between grain weight and nitrogen content and i ts accumulation in stem and leaves . It indicates that the nitrogen in grain is mainly supplied by stem and leaves. Increased potassium content can help nitrogen transport from stem and leaves to grain, which Increased the wheat grain output accordingly. (7) The nitrogen levels in stem and leaves of Yanzhan 1 and Wenmai 6 are low while they are relatively high in grain, which shows that the reason the two varieties absorb potassium more efficiently is that they have a stronger ability of reusing the nitrogen in stem and leaves. (9)There is significant positive correlation between the ratio of N/K and potassium use efficiency in wheat mature stage. The genotypes with high potassium use efficiency have definitely high nitrogen use efficiency.更多还原