【作者】 彭麟；

【导师】 刘慕仁； 孔令江；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 理论物理， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 元胞自动机是空间、时间和状态都离散的非线性动力系统，它用简单的规则在计算机上模拟各种复杂的自然现象和社会现象并取得了很好的结果。元胞自动机在研究交通问题上也取得了很大的进展。 本文首先综述了各种交通流模型，在简单介绍了元胞自动机及其理论的基础上，重点介绍了元胞自动机交通流模型，并在此基础上，对薛郁提出改进的NS模型加以应用和推广到双车道高速公路交通流模型和城市主干道交通流模型中。 本文先在改进的NS元胞自动机交通流模型的基础上，提出一个高速公路双车道元胞自动机模型来模拟开放性边界条件下的车流运动，并考虑两车道之间左边界开放程度的比例系数及车辆加减速概率影响。计算机数值模拟结果表明，在车流状态的演化过程中，通过确定车道耦合系数来控制车流量，不同的耦合系数车流量不同，对车辆运动出现堵塞项的相变点有影响。接着，提出一个双车道城市主干道交通流模型，对城市交通流中车站位置的设置和红绿灯时间比例的调整给城市交通车流运动带来的影响作了研究，得到了较为理想的结果。最后，建立一个交通灯控制下城市主干道单车道多速元胞自动机交通流模型来模拟在开放性边界条件下现实城市主干道交通的车流运动，通过延迟来调整交通中红绿灯对主干道车流量的控制，并研究了在交通灯延迟控制下绿信比、交通灯个数对主干道交通流的影响。计算机数值模拟结果表明，交通灯对车流适当的延迟控制明显地优于交通灯对车流的同步控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cellular automata (CA) is nonlinear dynamical system in which space, time and state values are discrete. By using simply rules, CA has attained very good results in simulating variable complex natural phenomena and physical problems. That enlightens people to simulate traffic flow by CA models.First, the recent studies of CA models for traffic flow, based on the statistical physics, are introduced in the thesis. At the same time, all kinds of models based on the determined CA are also introduced in detail. Second, we introduce the improved NS model presented by XueYu to the CA traffic flow model of a two-lane roadway in a highway and on a urban main road.In the third chapter, an improved CA model of the traffic flow in the two-lane roadway is proposed to describe highway traffic under the open boundary conditions by the consideration of the relative motion of vehicles and the relation of deceleration probability. Numerical simulations have been carried out. The results show the complicated evolution process of traffic flow. The flow of vehicles can be controlled by the coupling coefficient. Different values of have different effects on the critical point from free to jam phase.In the fourth chapter, we consider the effect of bus stations on traffic flow. By Numerical simulations, we attain the idea results.In the fifth chapter, a multi-speed CA traffic flow model on the one-dimen-sional urban main road on the control of traffic lights is proposed to simulate the traffic under the open boundary conditions.更多还原