【作者】 陈绪中；

【导师】 罗正荣；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 果树学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 多倍化是植物进化和育种的重要途径，倍性育种是创制大果无核果树种质的有效手段。本实验用秋水仙素溶液对‘罗田甜柿’茎尖和‘秋焰甜柿’叶片进行处理，探索甜柿染色体加倍的方法；同时对‘罗田甜柿’胚乳也进行了培养。主要实验结果如下： 1．研究了秋水仙素诱导对‘罗田甜柿’离体茎尖染色体加倍的影响。秋水仙素浓度设为0％、0.03％、0.05％、0.08％和0.1％5个梯度，处理时间分别为2d、4d。当秋水仙素浓度在0.08％处理4d时，供试茎尖全部死亡；低于0.05％时，基本不能产生加倍效应。在0.05％诱导2d、0.08％2d以及0.1％2d时分别获得了加倍植株，同时在0.08％诱导2d和0.1％诱导2d时产生了嵌合体植株。实验结果显示，秋水仙素浓度为0.08％处理2d效果较为理想。 2．研究了秋水仙素诱导对‘秋焰甜柿’离体叶片染色体加倍的影响。秋水仙素浓度设为0.1％、0.3％、0.5％和1.0％4个梯度，处理天数设为2d、4d、6d。当秋水仙素浓度高于1.0％时，叶片全部死亡，但0.01％浓度处理不能产生诱导效应；根据实验结果认为，秋水仙素0.5％处理4d左右效果较好。 3．对‘罗田甜柿’(90-1-37)胚乳进行了培养。以ZT诱导胚乳产生愈伤组织的效果好于BA，在含有ZT的培养基中，全部产生了胚乳愈伤组织；而含BA培养基中，当2，4-D达2.0mg/L可以有效促进胚乳产生愈伤，但在本实验中，高浓度的2，4-D(2.0mg/L)诱导产生的愈伤组织没有分化出再生植株；从实验中得到，培养基中含有ZT1.1mg/L+2，4-D1.0mg/L+CH1000mg/L可以有效诱导胚乳产生愈伤并分化出再生植株。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ployploidy is widely acknowledged as a major channel of evolution and breeding in plants, and ploidy breeding is an effective means to create large and seedless fruit germplasm. In this experiment, treaments were made with colchicine on the shoot-tips of Luotiantianshi’ persimmon and leaves of ’Qiuyantianshi’ persimmon to search effective methods for chromosomes doubling. The endosperm of ’Luotiantianshi’ persimmon was also cultured for seeking another way to get polyploid persimmon. The main results are as follows:1. Studies were carried out about the effect of chromosomes doubling with colchicine on in vitro shoot-tips of ’ Luotiantianshi’ persimmon. The treatments were designed with colchicine 0%^ 0.03 %. 0.05 % , 0.08 % and 0.1 % for 2 and 4 days respectively. When treated with 0.08% colchicine for 4 days, shoot-tips all died; but when the concentration was lower than 0.05%, it won’t produce doubling of chromosomes. In this experiment, when treated with 0.05% 2 days, 0.08% 2 days and 0.1% 2 days, we got mutated plantlets, in the same time, the chimeric plantlets occurred in the treatment of 0.08% 2 days and 0.1% 2 days. The results indicated that the concentration of colchicine 0.08% with treatment-time 2 days was better.2. Studies were carried out about the effect of chromosomes doubling with colchicine on in vitro leaves of ’ Qiuyantianshi’ persimmon. The treatments were designed with colchicine 0.1 %, 0.3 % > 0.5 % and 1.0 % for 2, 4 and 6 days respectively.When the concentration of colchicine was higher than 1.0%. the leaves treated become yellow and die; the concentration of colchicine 0.1% was ineffective in this experiment; so we believed that the doubled generated plantlets could be obtained by treating leaves with 0.5% of colchicine for 4 days.3. A result was discovered by endosperm culture in ’Luotiantianshi" persimmon(90-1-37) . The effect of cytokine ZT was better than BA, all endosperm in the medium containing ZT produced callus; but in the medium with BA, only when the concentration of 2,4-D reached 2.0mg/L, they could produce callus, but in this experiment, the callus induced from the medium added 2,4-D 2.0mg/L couldn’t regenerate plantlets; from this experiment, the medium constitute of ZT1.1mg/L+ 2,4-D1.0mg/L+CH1000mg/L was adaptive for callus induction, and later the callus was easily to differentiate for plant regeneration.更多还原