【作者】 周勇；

【导师】 许绮川；

【作者基本信息】 华中农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文是在对国内外秸秆还田机械技术广泛了解的基础上，结合我国秸秆还田的现状及其对机械技术发展的需求，针对我国南方主要粮食作物收获后滞留在田间的秸秆日益增高的态势，提出了一种基于犁耕基础上的集土壤翻耕与高秆翻埋功能于一体，结构紧凑、使用方便、性能可靠的机械化技术方案及配套装置。 由分禾板、翘头镇压滑撬、加载弹簧、固定架等组成的滑撬式分禾镇压装置，位于铧式犁耕机组犁体的前上方，其工作幅宽与耕幅等同。该装置集“分禾→推秆→镇压”功能于一体。 本文对秸秆自倒伏力学特性；横向载荷作用下的茎秆弹塑性变形与秸秆被推倒的力学条件；机组作业速度与滑撬曲面半径的关系；秸秆压实厚度与加载作用点的相对位置；配套装置与犁体相对位置；秸秆压实厚度下的翻垡系数等，进行了较详细的理论分析并建立了相关数学模型。在此基础上，本项研究还选择性地进行了计算机辅助分析和田间模拟试验。 利用ANSYS功能模块对在不同机组作业速度V和推杆作用点L₀情况下，茎杆最大应力计算得知：茎秆的最大应力SMX随着机组作业速度V的增加而增大，在机组作业速度V和秸秆密度一定时，提高推秆作用点，可保证推秆过程顺利进行。 本文在不同秸秆高度，不同镇压载荷，不同机组作业速度等单因素试验分析的基础上，通过对残留秸秆高度L和镇压载荷P两个因素的正交试验发现，残留秸秆高度对秸秆回弹系数有特别显著影响；镇压力对秸秆回弹系数有显著影响。同时认为，当机组作业速度为1.4m／s左右，残留秸秆高度为700mm，镇压力为42Kg时，秸秆回弹系数仅为0.051，镇压翻埋效果最佳。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on wide-ranging knowing the mechanical technology of overturning crops stalk into soil inland and overseas ,combined with the present condition and the requirement of the mechanical technique developing ,aimed at the tendency of the remained stalks heightened of food crops in South China ,the thesis brings up an mechanizing technical project and mating device ,which contain the function of plowing soil and overturning crops stalk on the base of plough .It is tightly packed ,reliable and can be used conveniently.The device is named of ski which can divide and suppress crops stalk .It is made up of the plate for dividing crops stalk ,the ski for pressing crops stalk ,the spring for adding load and the fixed mount .It is fixed in front of plough ,which working width is equal with the working width of plough ,and can realize the function of "divide -push -- suppress".The thesis had done the theories analysis in detail and built the relevant mathematics models aiming at the mechanics characteristic about the lodging of stalk ,the elastic and plastic deform of stalk under the action of the transverse loads ,the mechanics condition which causes stalk pushed ,the relation between the speed of unit and the surface radius of ski, the relevant location between the thickness of the compressed stalk and action location of load ,the relevant location between the mating device and plough ,the coefficient of overturning soil under the thickness of the compressed stalk and so on .In addition ,the computer aided analysis and simulating experiments in field were acted by choice .By calculating the maximum stress of stalk under the condition of different speed of the unit and the location of the action point of pushing stalk ,which is done by the module of ANSYS , the conclusion can be received: the maximum stress is increased with the increase of the velocity of the unit and the process of the pushing stalk can be trouble-free if the location of the action point is raised under the condition that the speed of the unit and the planting density of stalk are definite value.By orthogonal experiences between the height of the remained stalk and the suppressed load on the basis of series of single factor experience analysis about different height of stalk and suppressed load and speed of the unit ,the conclusion is below :the height has special obvious influence towards the bouncing coefficient of stalk and the suppressed force has obvious influence towards the bouncing coefficient of stalk .In addition ,when the height of the remained stalk is 700 mm andsuppressed force is 42kg ,the bouncing coefficient of stalk is only 0.051 and the effect of suppressing and overturning is best under the condition of the speed of the unit is 1.4 m/s .更多还原