基于PC的插齿机开放式数控系统研究

【作者】 王保民；

【导师】 胡赤兵；

【作者基本信息】 兰州理工大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 齿轮插削加工是一种具有诸多优势且不可替代的齿轮加工方法。利用微机平台开发插齿机数控系统是齿轮插削加工技术发展的一个重要趋势。而目前我国开发的插齿机数控系统还不能实现斜齿轮的全数控插削加工(即不依靠螺旋导轨)，并且这些系统一般是封闭或半封闭的，很难或几乎不可能再加入新的控制策略和功能扩展。这就是本文要解决的问题。 首先，本文基于切削运动学和几何学的观点，分析了斜齿轮插削加工运动，指出“分齿传动”、“差动合成”和“插齿刀的加减速控制”是斜齿轮插削加工运动控制的技术关键，并详细论述了运用“电子分齿传动”、“电子差动合成”和“加减速定位控制”等技术进行控制的方法。 其次，本文从分析传统专用数控系统的不足入手，引入基于PC的开放式数控系统的概念，介绍了开放式数控系统的特点和优势，进而论述了在PC平台上开发插齿机开放式数控系统的可能性和必要性。 再次，本文分析了插齿机数控系统的特点，建立了插齿机数控系统的理论基础，阐述了基于PC平台的插齿机开放式数控系统的软、硬件结构和工作原理，并重点介绍了通过系统配置使该系统实现对直齿和斜齿的插削加工控制。 最后，本文详细分析了插齿机数控系统自身及其工作环境中存在的各种干扰因素，具有针对性的从软件到硬件、从设计到生产采用了一系列实用的抗干扰技术，从而提高了该数控系统的抗干扰能力和可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 With many advantages, Shaping is an absolutely necessary method of machining gear. CNC system based on PC is a chief tendency in shaper’s development. But at present shaping helical gear without helical navigation hasn’t been achieved by national shapers, furthermore, these CNC systems are closed or half-closed and so it’s impossible for user to accede new strategies of control to them and to configure them, which is the problem that this paper wants to resolve.First of all, based on kinematics and geometry, this paper analyzes the shaping motions of helical gear and points out that gear transmission and differential transmission are the keys of Shaper’s NC system for helical gear based on PC. Furthermore, a new method of using "Electronic gear transmission", "Electronic differential transmission" and "Acceleration and deceleration orientation control" is detailedly discussed in this paper.Secondly, this paper begins from analyzing the shortage of traditionally special CNC system; the characteristic and superiority of technology of open architecture for NC system compared with the traditionally special CNC system. A conclusion is drawn that studying on open CNC system for shaper is absolutely necessary.Thirdly, this paper analyses the features of shaper’s CNC system for helical gear, and establishes the theory of NC system of the shaper. Furthermore, the software and hardware structure and the working principle of shaper’s CNC system are discussed and emphasis is put on the configuration system through which this CNC system could be configured into other CNC systems for shaping helical gears.At last, all the interference factors existed in the NC and the working environment are analyzed. Aimed at these interference factors, a series of practical anti-interference technologies, from hardware to software, from design to production, are adopted. All these improve the anti-interference ability and reliability of this CNC system.更多还原