喀斯特农村社区可持续发展研究

【作者】 李廷正；

【导师】 彭贤伟； 任晓冬；

【作者基本信息】 贵州师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放二十多年来，中国的社会经济取得了巨大成就，举世瞩目，但是进入二十世纪末期以来，中国社会经济的进一步发展遇到了生态环境恶化、资源枯竭、人口压力过大等众多问题，在这样的历史条件下，中国拉开了西部大开发的序幕。中国的西部大开发是中国社会经济发展的一次战略性调整，同时对于贵州喀斯特农村社区也是一次历史性的机遇。 贵州省位于中国两大主要水系——长江与珠江的上游，是全国喀斯特地貌分布的中心，也是全国唯一没有平原支撑的省份，更是全国最崎岖不平的省份，长期以来，由于社会经济发展的滞后，贵州省的生态环境破坏十分严重，是长江与珠江的主要泥沙来源地之一，环境保护的任务很重。在西部大开发的历史条件下，如何实现喀斯特农村社区社会经济发展的提高以及生态环境的治理与保护，就成为十分重要的研究课题。 可持续发展的思想源远流长，尤其是进入二十世纪后期以来，可持续发展理论逐渐成为指导当前世界社会经济发展的主要理论，但是当前的可持续发展研究存在着两个明显的倾向，一个是倾向于理论阐述，倾向于进行原则性的分析；另一个倾向是可持续发展实践研究倾向于选择较大范围的区域作为研究对象，很少涉及小区域。由于可持续发展存在以上两个倾向，导致可持续发展研究可操作性较差，无形之中对于小区域社会经济发展的指导作用打了折扣。社区的概念最早由德国社会学家F·滕尼斯提出，逐渐成为我国城市建设与管理的一条重要的指导思想，但是针对农村的社区研究则较少，即使较少的文章也仅仅是在理论层次上的探讨，而且涉及的范围较广，最小的也是县乡一级，缺乏必要的可操作性。PRA(Participatory Rural Appraisal)参与式工作方法是现在社区工作中一种较为先进的工作方法，强调充分尊重被调查者的主观能动性，否定调查人员的主观意识，真正地坚持从群众中来，到群众中去的工作思想。现在的农村工作中，由于种种原因，很少有人应用PRA参与式方法开展农村工作，包括相应的研究工作，由于条件的限制，都没有充分地开展。 本文选择示范区与绿宝基地作为研究对象，通过实地调查并查阅相关资料，以区域经济学、发展经济学、地理学、社会学的有关理论及可持续发展理论以及PRA、GIS、SPSS、层次分析法等研究手段，指导本文的写作。并在最后提出了示范区与绿宝基地实现可持续发展的途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 China community economy has acquired tremendous achievements after china had brought innovation and opening policy into effect for twenties years. The entire world knows this fact. Yet since the end of last century, Chinese social economy has encountered great challenges such as deterioration of ecology environment, the exhaust of resources, population pressure and so on. Under such conditions, china began to bring the great open of west china into effect. It is the strategy regulation of Chinese social economy policy. And it is a great historic chance for Guizhou rural community.Guizhou is situated the upper reaches of two Chinese main water system - the Yangtse River and the Pearl River. It is the heart of the karst physiognomy in china. It also is the only province that there is not plain. It still e is the most rugged province of the nationwide. The development of Guizhou social economy has been very slow from long ago. And this leads to serious damage of economy environment in Guizhou province. Now guizhou province is one of the main origins of the mud in the Yangtse River and the Pearl River. The mission of environmental protection and development is very weighty to Guizhou. Under such conditions, it is a great task that how to achieve social economy development together with the safeguard of ecology environment in karst rural community. The continue development thought had been being for long time. Continue development thought became the main direction theory of most country on the world especially after went into the evening of 20th century. But present researches on continue development have two main trends, one is preferring to the analysis to carry on the principle, and the other trend is preferring to select big area as research object. And present research on continue development seldom select little area as research object. This phenomena make the research on continue development have smaller effect in social economy’s direction. .The community thought is brought forward by Germen sociologist F.Tonnies. And gradually became one of direction theories in the building and management of city in our nation. But there few research on rural community in our nation. And most of the few researches that research rural community aimed at the analysis of theory. And the smallest area is county or town. This phenomena make the community research lack effect in rural community building direction. PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal) is one kind of relatively well-developed work means of community work in community work. It emphasizes estimation sufficiently of informant in community work. And it deny the opinionated idea of the community worker. Genuinely persevere in uphold coming through the masses > Work idea leaving up the masses. Since a variety of reasons, there are few using of PRA wok means in rural work today. And due to variety reasons, there are few researches on rural community.This article select Shifanqu and Lvbao base as research objects. I investigated the two object and refer to many datum relate to them. Make the Area economics . Development economics , Geography , the relevant theory of sociology and continue development theory along with PRA , GIS, SPSS, step analytic approach research measure as direction theory during the writing of this article. And bring forward some suggest aims at achieving continue development in Shifanqu and Lvbao base.更多还原