【作者】 胡文亚；

【导师】 张楚廷；

【作者基本信息】 湖南师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 人文精神教育，是在教育界乃至全社会日益引起重视的话题。在学校教育中，学生通过对教材的学习，不仅要获取知识，形成能力，更重要的是要在知识与能力的基础上去养成人文精神。尽管中学文史教材中蕴含着很丰富的人文内容，它有利于学生人文精神的构架，然而，在现实的教育实践中，教材中丰富的人文教育因素还没有充分地发掘出来。在日益注重人文教育的当今时代，中学文史教材具有什么样的人文价值及其在现实中的流失，流失原因及预防流失的对策有哪些，是本文探讨的重点。 本文首先阐述了人文价值这一概念的内涵，认为人文价值的核心在于，在人文知识的授受过程中，应注重对学生智慧的开启、身心的训育和人生境界的润泽与点化。接着，本文较详细而具体地分别阐述了中学语文、英语、历史各具有什么样的人文内容，指出其人文内容是有益于培养学生的人文精神。 一方面，教育者希望学生通过学习教材以后应具有很好的人文素养，而另一方面，学生在教材知识的影响下其在现实生活中的人文素养外现是并不令人满意的，二者之间还是有距离的，本文正是从学生理想的与现实的人文素养二者的比较中得出结论：教材的人文价值在学生身上出现了一定程度的流失现象。 本文认为，影响到教材人文价值流失的原因主要体现在四个方面：1)教材本身存在着某种缺陷；2)教师素养的不足；3)学生自身的局限性；4)环境对学生的负面影响，这里既包括社会环境、家庭环境，也包括学校环境。 针对教材人文价值流失的四个原因，本文提出了四个防止流失的对策，即：1)教材方面：加强教材研究，提高教材质量；2)全面提高教师各项素质；3)对学生而言，培养智力与非智力因素并重；4)净化各种不良环境因素的影响。 最后，本文提出，我们在关注教材的知识价值时，也应注重教材的人文价值，这是我们所应追求的教学境界。更多还原

【Abstract】 Humanistic education is a topic which has been attached importance gradually in educational field even in the whole society. The students not only gain knowledge but also form abilities by studying text-books. What’s more, the students should form humanistic spirit on the base of the knowledge and abilities. There are rich humanistic contents in text-books of middle school literature and history, and the humanistic contents are helpful to build students’ humanistic spirits. However, the rich humanistic contents in the text-books are not excavated fully in realistic educational practice. In modern times, what humanistic value is in the text-books of middle school’ s literature and history, and the loss of humannistic value in realities, the reasons of loss, and the countermeasures of preventing loss, such are the topics of this article.This article at first explains the connotation of the concept: humanistic value, and the core of humanistic value exists in the following: the open of students’ wisdom; the admonish of body and mind; the guidance of life state. Then, this article separately describes the humanistic contents in Chinese, English and history subjects in detail, and points out that the humanistic contents are helpful to cultivate students’ humanistic spirits.On one hand, educator hopes that students should have good humanistic accomplishments after studying the text-books. On the other hand, people aren’ t satisfied with the students’ humanistic accomplishments in realities. There is a gap between students’ ideal and real humanistic accomplishments. It is from the comparison that this article drew the conclusion: thereappears loss of humanistic value from the teaching materials to students.There are four reasons which affect the loss of teaching materials’ humanistic value. 1) There are some certain flaws in teaching materials themselves; 2) Teacher’s low level and poor ability; 3) The limitation of students themselves. Such as their studying ability, health condition; 4) The bad influence of surroundings to students.In accordance with the reasons, this paper puts forward four countermeasures: 1) On teaching materials: to strengthen the research and improve the quality; 2) On teachers: to improve their qualities wholly; 3) On students: to cultivate their intelligence and non-intelligence factors; 4) On surroundings: to purify the bad influence.At last, this article has drawn such conclusion: We should attach importance to the text-books’ humanistic value as well as the knowledge value, which is an ideal teaching state we are chasing.更多还原