【作者】 刘爱永；

【导师】 陈刚；

【作者基本信息】 西北大学 ， 矿物学、岩石学、矿床学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 以含油气盆地研究的整体、动态、综合原则为指导，运用盆地构造与区域构造研究相结合、盆地构造演化与古地温场分析相结合、地质与地球物理及多种测试手段相结合的综合研究方法，对中新生代合肥盆地的构造演化及古地温场特征进行了系统研究。 合肥盆地的现今构造特征表现为：主要断裂构造均为断面南倾、走向近东西具先逆（PreK₂）后正（K₂-E）特点的多期活动断裂；盆地具有双重基底结构—太古至下元古界变形变质结晶基底和中上元古至古生界（浅变质）变形沉积基底；盆地的现今构造格局具有南北分带、东西分块的特征，自南向北可划分为三个一级构造单元：南部（舒城）拗陷带、中部（合肥—六安）断阶带和北部（霍邱—朱巷）斜坡带。 合肥盆地中新生代不同时期经历了性质有别的三大成盆阶段、发育形成了各具特征的古构造面貌：侏罗纪挤压拗陷型盆地的构造单元分区—南部舒城拗陷、中部斜坡和北部霍邱隆起；早白垩世走滑压陷型盆地的构造单元分区—南部近EW走向的舒城冲断隆起带、中北部自东而西发育近NW-SE走向的东部大桥拗陷、中部寿县—肥西隆起、西部颖上—丁集拗陷；晚白垩世—早第三纪伸展断陷型盆地的构造单元分区—舒城断陷带、六安-防虎山断凸带、丁集—肥东断陷带、霍邱—朱巷凸起带和颖上一定远断陷带。 合肥盆地中新生代古地温场演化至少经历了四个主要阶段：前侏罗纪中高古地温场时期、侏罗纪-早白垩世高古地温场时期、晚白垩世-早第三纪中低古地温场时期、晚第三纪以来低古地温场时期。盆地最大古地温场时期主要发生在晚侏罗—早白垩世，造成盆地深凹陷区下白垩统、侏罗系和上古生界烃源岩达到高成熟阶段，主生烃期主要发生在晚侏罗—早白垩世末；上白垩统—下第三系烃源岩于早第三纪末达到低成熟阶段，主生烃期主要发生在早第三纪末。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hefei basin, located at the South-east margin of the North-China continental block, is closely adjacent to Qinling-Dabie orogen and Tanlu fault zone. It is a multi-cycle reformed basin during the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic. According to the principles of systematic, dynamic and comprehensive, the characteristics of tectonics and paleogeothermal field of Hefei basin are studied, by means of the combinative methods of geology, geophysics and multi-testing about vitrinite reflectance and apatile fission track.At present, the main tectonic features of Hefei basin could be concluded as follows: Firstly, with the primary fault planes sloped to south, the early thrust faults are reversed to the normal lastly and have multi-period movements. Secondly, The basin has the double basements of the deformational-metamorphic crystalline basement (Archean-Paleoproterozoic) and the deformational-sedimentary basement(Mesoproterozoic-Paleozoic). Thirdly, The stucture of the basin has the feature showing belt from south to north and block from east to west. Also, The basin could be divided into three tectonic elements from south to north, such as: Shucheng depression zone in south , Hefei-Liuan taphrogen zone in central part , and Huoqiu-Zuxiang clinoform zone in north.The reconstruction of origional basin shows that Hefei basin has experiencedthree evolutionary stages during Mesozoic and Cenozoic. There are different paleotectonic elements of the basin during different periods. The paleotectonic elements of compressive-depressional basin in Jurassic could be divided into three tectonic elements such as: Shucheng depression in south, clinoform in central part, and Huoqiu uplift in north. The paleotectonic elements of shear compressive-depressional basin in early Cretaceous could be divided into four tectonic elements such as: Shucheng thrust-swell zone in south, Daqiao depression in the northeast, Shouxian-Feixi swell in central part, and Yingshang-Dingji depression in west. Thepaleotectonic elements of the extensional faulted basin in late Cretaceous-Paleogene could be divided into five tectonic elements such as: Shucheng downchasm zone, Liuan-Fanghushan fault-salient, Dingji-Feidong downchasm zone, Huoqiu-Zuxiang salient, Yingshang-Dingyuan downchasm.The reconstruction of paleogeothermal field shows that the paleogeothermal field of Hefei basin has undergone four evolutionary periods at least, such as: Pre-Jurassic middle-high paleogeothermal period, Jurassic-early Cretaceous high paleogeothermal period, late Cretaceous-Paleogene middle-low paleogeothermal period, and Neogene-Quaternary low paleogeothermal period. So, late Jurassic-early Cretaceous is the highest paleogeothermal period of Hefei basin. Furthermore, the primary generative period of the Upper Paleozoic, the Jurassic, and the Lower Cretaceous source rock is all about the late Jurassic-early Cretaceous, and the primary generative period of the Upper Cretaceous and the Paleogene source rock is about the last peried of the Paleogene .更多还原