【作者】 陈智军；

【导师】 蔡增伸；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工业大学 ， 固体力学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 计算机控制的液压万能材料试验机，是目前国内外试验机行业开发研究的热点。本论文在掌握大量试验机动态信息的基础上，进行了计算机控制技术应用于试验机上的研究，开发研制了液压万能材料试验机计算机测控系统。利用该系统已经对浙江工业大学机械基础中心实验室一台300kN试验机成功地进行了改造，并与上海申联试验机厂合作开发了微机控制液压万能试验机，满足国际标准ISO6892：1998（E）及国家标准GB228-2002对试验时的应力速率及应变速率的控制要求，在实际应用中取得了较好的效果。 本文的主要工作有： 1、分析了测控系统中采用的传感器，并着重研究了大量程引伸计结构尺寸的设计及夹持机构的改进； 2、研究了PID控制器的应用。在经典PID控制与模糊控制的基础上，设计了模糊自适应PID控制应用于试验机的应力、应变及位移控制； 3、开发了一套完整的试验机测控系统软件，能在试样拉伸过程中按标准自动切换控制方式并自动判别材料本构模式，能够自动测定弹性模量E、屈服限σ_s、条件屈服限σ_0.2、延伸率δ、强度限σ_b等，应用于工程实际。更多还原

【Abstract】 The researches on computer control hydraulic universal testing machine are today’s main hot spot in domestic and foreign testing machine fields. In this paper, based on mastering a lot of dynamic information of testing machine, researching the computer control technology applied to testing machine, a computer measuring and controlling system for hydraulic universal testing machine has been developed. The system has been successfully applied to a 300kN testing machine improvement in the Central Laboratory of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology. What’s more, with ShangHai ShenLian testing machine factory, microcomputer control hydraulic universal testing machine is developed. They can meet the control requirements of stress rate and strain rate in the international standard ISO 6892:1998(E) and the national standard GB228-2002. In practical application, they acquire good results.The follows are the main works of the paper.1. The sensors applied in the measuring and controlling system are studied. Design of structure and size of large range extensometer and improvement on its type of fastening are thoroughly discussed.2. The application of the PID control is researched. On the basis of classic PID control and fuzzy control, fuzzy adaptive PID control is designed, which is applied in testing machine for stress, strain and displacement control.3. Developing a software for the testing machine measuring and controlling system. The software can automatically switch control mode according to standard in the process of tensile testing and automatically judge constitutive mode of material. At the same time, it can automatically measure elastic modulus E, yield strength o s, proof strength, non-proportional extention o 0.2, percentage extention 8 , tensile strength o b, etc. It can applied in industry practice.更多还原