【作者】 王红霞；

【导师】 张志华； 王文江；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 果树学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 光合是作物产量形成的基础，研究果树田间条件下光合特性对提高产量和品质具有重要参考价值。本试验以普通核桃（Juglans rejia L.）及河北核桃（Juglans hopeiensis Hu）品种为试材，利用CI-301PS便携式光合作用测定仪系统，在连体条件下，研究了河北核桃和普通核桃田间条件下的光合特性。同时，对核桃不同品种净光合速率进行了比较，并对核桃库源关系中光合速率变化特点进行了研究。主要研究结果如下： 1．河北核桃和普通核桃的净光合速率日变化均为双峰曲线，有明显的“光合午休”现象。河北核桃净光合速率季节变化为双峰曲线，第1峰出现在5月中旬，第2峰出现时间为8月上旬。普通核桃净光合速率季节变化为单峰曲线，峰值出现时间为5月中旬。 2．河北核桃光饱和点为1643μmol.m^-2.s^-1，左右，光补偿点为10μmol.m^-2.s^-1左右。光合最适温度为29℃。普通核桃光饱和点为1610μmol.m^-2.s^-1左右，光补偿点为20μmol.m^-2.s^-1左右。光合最适温度为27℃。 3．影响河北核桃净光合速率日变化的主要因子是光合有效辐射、叶片温度及胞间CO₂浓度。影响普通核桃光合日变化的主要因子是叶温、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO₂浓度、光合有效辐射。 4．影响河北核桃净光合速率季节变化的主要因子是蒸腾速率、叶绿素含量、叶绿素活性及胞间CO₂浓度。影响普通核桃净光合速率季节变化的主要因子是蒸腾速率、叶绿素含量、叶片温度及胞间CO₂浓度。 5．核桃不同品种及不同品种实生苗之间光合能力有显著差异；不同品种与其实生苗之间光合能力极显著正相关。 6．河北核桃和普通核桃，从花期至果实进入成熟期以前，结果枝叶片净光合速率一直高于发育枝，但在进入果实成熟期以后，一直到果实采收，结果枝叶片净光合速率Pn一直低于发育枝。更多还原

【Abstract】 Photosynthesis is the basis for crop yield. It’s necessary to study the photosynthetic character of fruit trees in order to improve the yield and quality. In this experiment, the patterns of diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rates(Pn) of Hebei-walnut (Juglans hopeiensis Hu ) and English walnut (Juglans rcjia L. ) were documented in an open gas analysis system of model(Cl-301PS). The curve of seasonal variation and the main influence factors were also investigated, and the values of Pn of twenty varieties were measured. The main results were as follows:1 The curves of diurnal change of Pn of Hebei and English walnuts showed two peaks, there were obvious "midday rest".2 From April to October , double peaks appeeared in the curve of seasonal variation of Pn of hebei-walnut . With the first peak appearing in May, with the second peak appearing in August. However the curve of seasonal variation of Pn of English walnut showed single-peaked. With the peak occurring in May.3 The light compensation and light saturation points in hebei-walnut leaves were 10umol.m2.s-1, 1643umol.m2.s-1 respectively, the optimum temperature of Pn was 29℃.Moreover the light compensation and light saturation points in English walnut leaves were 20umol.m2.s-1, 1610umol.m2.s-1 respectively, the optimum temperature of Pn was 27℃.4 The diurnal variation of Pn in hebei-walnut was influenced by light intensity, leaf temperature and intercellular CO2 concentration.The diurnal variation of Pn in English walnut was influenced by: light intensity, leaf temperature, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration. The seasonal variation of Pn in hebei-walnut was affected by transpiration rate, chlorophyll content and activity and intercellular CO2 concentration.The seasonal variation of Pn in English walnut was affected by transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, leaf temperature and intercellular CO2 concentration.5 There were significant difference in varieties of Pn of walnut and seedlings of varieties of Pn of walnut, and positively correlation significantly were testisfied.6 From flowering to fruit maturity the Pn of leaves on the bearing shoots were higher than that on the growing shoots. After fruit maturity the Pn of leaves on the bearing shoots were lower than that on the growing shoots.更多还原