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软件无线电数字下变频技术的研究

The Research of Digital Down Conversion Technology in Software Radio

【作者】 刘玉良

【导师】 李玲远;

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 , 电路与系统, 2003, 硕士

【摘要】 软件无线电是当前军事与移动通信领域的研究热点之一,由于受A/D/A和DSP芯片处理速度的限制,目前的软件无线电系统大多采用折中的实现方案,就是增加专用的数字变频器或者运行数字变频算法,改变中频或射频信号的采样频率.以保证通用DSP芯片进行实时信号处理。本文就是针对软件无线电的数字变频技术展开研究,主要研究了数字下变频的信号处理理论和关键部件的硬件设计。 由于软件无线电具有宽带、开放、易升级等基本特点,这就要求变频部分的数控振荡器必须能产生频率可调且分辨率高的数字样本。而直接数字频率合成(Direct Digital Synthesizer-DDS)是一种概念全新的频率合成技术,它根据相位累加的概念,由可编程的频率控制字确定输出频率,具有频率控制灵活、频率分辨率高等优点,特别符合软件无线电的要求,因此我们采用DDS技术设计软件无线电中的数控振荡器。DDS具有上述的许多优点,而杂散的产生又是不容忽视的问题,因此论文详细论述了DDS的工作原理及杂散问题。DDS杂散的产生有多种渠道,而相位舍位是最主要的杂散来源,因此论文重点对相位舍位产生的杂散进行研究,分析了它的周期性特点,在此基础上提出了一种降低杂散的方法,即设计一个随机数发生器,用其产生的随机序列抑制杂散的产生。 论文首先介绍了数字下变频的信号处理理论和工作原理,然后论述数控振荡器和混频器的设计与实现,这两个模块的设计采用原理图和VHDL相结合的方法。用MLX+plusⅡ软件进行编译和模拟仿真,并综合到Altera的可编程逻辑器件FLEX10K上。本文设计的NCO采用了DDS技术,因而具有频一 率控制灵活、频率分辨率高等优点,它根据频率控制字的取值,能按照 0.0093HZ的步进产生0叶6MHZ的正弦波样本,满足软件无线电的一般要求。 最后,论文根据逻辑综合的结果,分析了决定芯片资源利用率的因素。

【Abstract】 Software radio is one of the hotspots in radio communication and military research. Due to the poor processing speed of A/D/A conversion and DSP processor, Software radio often adopts inter- specific schemes based on digital conversion technology. That is to say, by using specific DDC&DUC or running relevant algorithm , software radio transforms the sampling rate to enable DSP processors bring real-time signal processing to success. In this dissertation, signal processing of DDC is investigated, and the design of some key components in DDC is focused on.Because software radio is broad-band , open and easily-upgrated system, it requires NCO produce digital swatch signal with modulated-frequency and high resolution. Simultantiey, direct digital synthesizer (DDS) introduces the new idea of phasic progression and its output frequency can be controlled by programmable parameter , so it takes on many virtues such as high resolution and flexibility. Therefore, the DOS technology is adopted in NCO’s design.DDS technology possess many virtues descripted above, but yamp , especially the vamp from phase truncation, is also very important. Therefore DDS’s mechanism and phase truncation yamp are investigated in detail , then a random generator is cesigned and applicated in DDC, in order to choke back the periodic phase truncation yamp.In the first place, the dissertation presents the theory of signal processing and mechanism in DDC, then dissertates the design of numerically-controlled oscillator(NCO) and mixer. In the course of design, schematics, VHDL, LPM, MAX+plusII and FLEX10K are all applicated. Finally, on the basis of result of logic synthesis, the utilization rate of FLEXlOK’s logic resource is analyzed.

  • 【分类号】TN925
  • 【被引频次】18
  • 【下载频次】836
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