轻型木构小住宅研究

【作者】 叶昂；

【导师】 柳肃；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 建筑学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 轻型木构小住宅是一种在发达国家发展了近百年，在我国才刚出现的居住建筑形式。 轻型木构小住宅是指：将木基结构板材与间距不大于600mm侧立的规格材用金属件连接成墙体、楼盖、和屋盖，并组成框架式结构的住宅，一般为1—3层。其在我国的推广具有深远的生态意义。 根据我国国情，我国推广轻型木构小住宅，须分两步走：第一阶段为实验、试生产阶段，针对有足够消费能力的客户群，研发高品质、高价位的木构小住宅。第二阶段为推广普及阶段，主要面向城市及广大农村消费者，开发更为经济、适用的木构小住宅，实现木构小住宅的规模化生产。 我国目前的轻型木构小住宅的研究，应立足于第一阶段，解决两个问题：(一)轻型木构小住宅的用材、构造做法、施工技术及相关技术问题(二)适合我国国情的设计方法问题。 对于第一个问题，在现场调研以及查阅相关文献的基础上，文章对美国的《国家等级标准》进行了介绍，同时对轻型木构小住宅的基础、地下室、墙体、楼地层、屋架屋面的构造做法、施工技术进行了详细叙述，另外对轻型木构小住宅的防虫、防潮、防火技术也进行了说明。 对于第二个问题，文章中指出：现阶段适合我国情的轻型木构小住宅设计，应遵守开放性的设计原则，以及针对地区具体气候条件的节能设计原则。并结合我国《夏热冬冷地区居住建筑节能设计标准》进行了具体的讨论。 研究的目的是为了推广。作者大胆预测，20—25年后，随着我国主要林区林产品的成熟、林业政策的转变、以及人民生活水平的提高，我国的轻型木构小住宅也必然象其他发达国家和地区一样，顺利的推而广之。更多还原

【Abstract】 The wood-frame-construction house is one’ kind of new style residential buliding apearing in china presently, but developed abroad for about one hundred years.Definition of the wood-frame-construction house: one kind of frame-construction house, the wall and the floor and the roof of which are made of the structural wood-based panel and the specific timber, distance between each is less than 600 millimeter, jointed by the metal joinsts. Ordinaryly, it is 1~3 storeies.The generalization of is great meaningful for the enviroment.According to the situation of china, the generalization should follow these two steps: the first is test-product stage.The main task of first stage is to impolder high-equality and costly wood-frame-construction house, focusing in depth on the sufficent-ability consumers. The second stage is to empolder, populize the ecnomical and applicable wood-frame-construction house and to realize the massive-production.Nowaday, the research of the wood-frame-construction house in china have to solve these two problems:the first,the problem of conformation and construction.The second,the problem of design that adapt to china.For the first problem, these article firstly intruduce the National Grading Rule of U.S.A and then give a lot of detail about the mentions of the conformation and construction of foudation, basement, wall, floor and roof. Additionally, the article illustrate how the wood-frame-construction house proofs the dame, the fire and the termite.For the second problem, the article points out that the design of wood-frame construction house, in this time, should obey two principles: one is the open-function design principle, the other is energy efficiency priciple.The aim of the research is to generalize the wood-frame-construction house. The writer alleges that as the plantation maturing, the forest policy changing and the living condition improving, the wood-frame-construction is surly to be populized in china in twenty or twenty-five years later.更多还原