【作者】 胡秀丽；

【导师】 冯建灿； 杨喜田；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 森林培育， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以金盏菊穴盘苗为试验材料，基质配比为草碳：花生壳：膨化鸡粪=5：4：1。通过L9（3⁴）正交实验设计，对尿素、磷酸二氢钾、混合微肥（含FeSO₄·7H₂O、CuSO₄·5H₂O、ZnSO₄·7H₂O、MnSO₄、Na₂B₄O₇），采用三因素三水平进行9种不同叶面营养组合配施试验。在金盏菊苗龄15、25、35、45天时，依次对具有两个重复的9个小区的金盏菊苗进行4次施肥，并在每次施肥10天后，采样、测定各个指标的值。并以此为基础探讨了不同叶面营养条件对金盏菊穴盘苗形态指标和生理生化指标的影响，为制定金盏菊工厂化育苗技术措施提供理论和实践依据。 研究结果表明，在金盏菊穴盘苗生长期间，基质能为其正常生长提供充足的N肥；如施N肥，不但造成金盏菊穴盘苗徒长，而且还显著地抑制了根的生长，显著降低了碳同化关键酶RuBPcase初始活性及保护植物体免受H₂O₂毒害的关键酶CAT活性，造成壮苗指数、根冠比及Pn的急剧下降。且在4次施肥试验中，尿素、磷酸二氢钾、微肥对所测指标影响大小顺序中，除个别指标外，均是尿素对金盏菊苗的生长影响最大。 在金盏菊穴盘苗长出两片真叶后25天左右，基质微肥已表现出不足，需施0.020％水平的微肥。所测9个指标中，除壮苗、叶干重、RuBPcase、叶绿素含量外，三种肥料中，均是微肥对金盏菊苗的影响次于尿素，且微肥对Pn的影响达P＜0.05显著水平。 在金盏菊穴盘苗长出两片真叶后35天左右，需施0.100％水平的磷酸二氢钾和0.010％水平的微肥，才能满足金盏菊苗的正常生长。三种肥料中，对于壮苗指数、根干重、叶干重、RuBPcase、叶绿素含量，磷酸二氢钾的影响仅次于尿素；其它指标则是微肥影响较大。且磷酸 二氢铆对RllbiSC以Pfl的影响分别达P＜0．05极显著、显著水平：微 肥对这两个指标均达卜＜0．05的显著影响。 另外，本试验结果表明，三种肥料之间存在交互作用，正确的配 上能促进金盏菊穴说 苗的三K。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper used Calendula officinals L. plug seedlings as expetiment material. The ratio of plug media was: the volum of grass carbon: the volum of peanut shells: the volume of chichen dung=5:4:1. By L9(34) orthogonal layout, Nine kinds of defferient folia fertilizer combination were experimented on base of three levels of ureophil, potassium and micro-fertilizer. On 15, 25, 35 and 45d of seedlings age, C. officinals L. plug seedlings with nine areolas and two duplications were fertilizerd in order. After 10 days, each index marks were measured. Effects of foliar fertilizer on physiological and biochemistry Charateristic of C. officinals L. plug seedlings were discussed, which would supply making technique measurement of C. officinals L. factory seedlings with the testification of theory and practice.The results showed that plug media could supply C. officinals L. plug seedlings’ normal growth during its growth with rich N fertilizer. If fertilizerd ureophil, Not only C. officinals L. plug seedlings were caused excessive growth of branches and leaves, but also root growth were inhibited significantly, RuBPcase of photosynthesis’ critical enzyme and Catalase (CAT) protecting plants from H2O2 destroy were decresed significantly, which caused seedling index, Root/shoot ratio and net photosynthetic rate (Pn) decresed significantly.About 25 day of C. officinals L. plug seedlings age, Micro-fertilizer in plug media was not enough, 0.02% Micro-fertilizer were needed. Among eight index marks, Except Seedling index, Leaf dry weight, RuBPcase and Chlorophyll content, the order of three kinds of fertilizers’ effects on other index marks was urophil, micro-fertilizer, potassium. The differentia of Pn affected by it was significant.About 35 day of C.a officinals L. plug seedlings’ age, 0.1% potassium and 0.01% micro-fertilizer were needed, then seedlings could be able to grow normally. For Seedling index, root dry weight, leaf dry weight, root/shoot ratio, RuBPcase, chlorophyll content, the order of three kinds of fertilizers’ effects on them was urophil, potassium, micro-fertilizer, other index marks is micro-fertilizer, urophil, potassium. The differentia of potassium and micro-fertilizer’s effect on Pn and RuBPcase was significant.Besides, the results proved that there was interaction among three kinds offertilizers and correct ratio could better the conditions of seedlings growth.更多还原