【作者】 张国栓；

【导师】 茹广欣；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 森林培育， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以81个黑杨无性系为研究对象，对其进行了生长及木材材性分析，测试了胸径、树高、材积、木材基本密度、纤维长、纤维宽、长宽比、木素含量、纤维素含量等性状，进行了遗传变异分析、遗传参数估计、相关分析、主成分分析、聚类分析及无性系多性状指数选择等方面的研究。结果表明：不同黑杨无性系在生长量上差异明显，10年生时生长最好的无性系树高是最差的1.97倍，胸径最好的是最差的1.86倍，材积最好的是最差的4.75倍，黑杨不同无性系的差异为选择速生优良无性系奠定了物质基础。进一步对其进行木材材性分析，从纤维形态上看，参试黑杨无性系纤维长度平均值达1.008mm，最大为1.16mm，最小为0.86mm，大部分无性系达到了木材解剖学会规定的中级长度纤维标准。不同黑杨无性系纤维长、宽、长宽比、木素、纤维素含量差异显著。不同年龄之间诸性状差异也十分明显，从纤维长度的径向变化趋势看，各无性系均呈“递增，稳定”变异模式。黑杨不同无性系的木材基本密度差异明显，木材基本密度的均值0.4g·cm^-3，最大木材密度为0.46g·cm^-3，而最小木材密度为0.3g·cm^-3。从年龄上看，2～4年或4～6年有一递减过程，随后递增，即呈现先减后增的变异模式，与纤维长度与年龄的变异趋势显著不同。经对黑杨无性系的生长、材性性状早晚期的相关分析研究，以6年生时的生长和材性的表现来进行黑杨无性系的早期选择是可行且较可靠的。通过简单相关分析得出生长和材性相关关系不显著或较弱，而通过典型相关分析表明纤维性状与生长性状的典型相关主要是由于长宽比与树高，纤维宽与材积之间的相关引起的。通过主成分分析，提取出三个主成分即生长综合因子、纤维形态因子及材性综合因子，借助聚类分析，把参试无性系分为四类。按等权法进行无约柬和约束指数选择，以20％的选择率，选出 8（保 424）、2（84一581）、14（84一320）、18（69）、7（S104）、29几542)六个生长、材性均优，适合本地的纸浆材黑杨无性系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Take eighty-one Aegeiros clones as trial material, estimates of genetic parameter ,correlation analysis , principal component analysis, cluster analysis and index selection are presented for growth and wood properties, including DBH, height , volume, wood basic density, fiber length , fiber width, ratio of length to width, content of Cellulose and Lignin. There are very significant differences in growth between clones. height, DBH and volume of the fastest clones are 1.97,1.86,4.75 times as much as the slowest ones respectively. It gives a chance for selection of fast growth and fine clones. Further analysis is needed for wood properties .The average fiber length of tested clones is 1.008mm .The Max. and Min. are 1.16mm and 0.86mm. Fiber length of most clones achieves the intermediate standard. There are very significant differences in fiber length, fiber width, ratio of length to width, content of Cellulose and Lignin between clones and ages .The radial variation of fiber length belongs to the pattern of "increase-level off. There are very significant differences in wood density. The average wood basic density of tested clones is 0.4g . cm-3 . The Max. and Min. are 0.46 g . cm-3 and 0.3 g . cm-3 . The radial variation of wood density belongs to the pattern of "decrease-increase". It isn’t similar to fiber length. The sixth age is better for selection than other tree ages after juvenile-mature correlative analysis of growth and wood properties. Growth traits have weak correlation or no correlation with wood properties by simple correlation analysis. Growth traits are related with fiber traits using analysis of canonical correlationr Growth factor, fiber factor and wood properties factor are extracted by principal component analysis. Tested black clones are divided into four groups using cluster analysis. Take pulpwood as the breeding goal, six elite clones have been selected according to multipletraits index selection.更多还原