采用雾化电晕放电技术净化含粘性粉尘的油烟

【作者】 赵建伟；

【导师】 丁蕴铮； 许德玄；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 环境科学， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 近几年来，随着我国饮食业的迅猛发展和人民生活水平的提高，烹调油烟的污染日益严重。油烟中含有多种有毒物质，我国传统烹饪过程中排放的污染物有强致癌物和5-7种有毒有害物质。这些物质对有机体可造成很大的危害。应用雾化电晕放电技术治理油烟这一技术在国内外尚无报道，此研究还处于实验室研究阶段，是一个极具发展前途的科研新领域。 本文介绍了油烟中的污染物组分及对人类的危害作用，对油烟治理技术、设备进行了总结，并侧重介绍了静电除尘技术，然后对雾化电晕放电技术除尘的基本理论加以阐述。本文主体对雾化电晕放电技术捕集油烟中的颗粒物进行研究。 首先，对雾化电晕放电技术的放电极雾化过程进行探讨，其雾化机制主要包括电流体动力学雾化和溅射雾化两种。雾化后，粒径在80微米以上液滴的质量占全部液滴质量的99.6％以上。其次，考查了雾化电晕放电的放电特征及对粉尘的捕集。实验数据表明：在相同的电压条件下，雾化负电晕放电电流均高于干式负电晕放电电流。在雾化负电晕放电中，除了干式负电晕放电的自由电子和负离子外，极间还存在大量高度荷电并向极板高速驱进的液滴，从而其产生了较大的放电电流。高度荷电液滴具有很高的荷质比，在电场作用下驱进速度高达30米／秒。它们对烟气中的尘粒具有传统静电除尘所不具有的高效静电凝并和重力凝并功能。因而雾化电晕除尘有很高的除尘效率。第三，雾化电晕放电过程中极板表面水膜是由高速液滴撞击极板后形成的，这层流动的水膜可立即将与水膜碰撞的颗粒物带走。实验还可观察到高速液滴可清除某些原来黏附在极板上的污物。故雾化电晕放电和传统的湿式静电除尘的极板清洗相比，不仅省水而且清洗效果更好。最后，在雾化负电晕放电中当放电极供水温度分别为22℃和64℃时， 东北师大硕士毕业论文放电电流表明其放电状况并未产生明显变化。 本文未探讨雾化电晕放电的其它功能，它不仅可去除颗粒物，还能去除臭气和有害有机物，杀灭水中微生物和细菌。因而可能使水得到循环使用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the development of catering trade and improvement of living standards, oil smoke pollution in the catering trade is more and more seriously. There are many toxic compounds in oil smoke. In our traditional cooking process, some compounds which can evidently lead to cancer and 5-7 kinds of toxic compounds are submitted. These compounds can do great harm to living things. Implying Corona Discharge with Spraying Water(CDSW) to treat oil smoke has not been reported in home or abroad by far. The research is on the phase of lab, which is a very advanced technology.In this paper, compositions of oil smoke and its harms to human beings were introduced. The treating technologies and equipments of oil smoke were summarized too. And the electrostatic precipitation technology was emphasized especially. The basic theory of CDSW technology was illustrated. The main part of this paper was research of implying CDSW technology to purify particles in oil smoke.Firstly, spraying process of discharge electrodes in CDSW was analysed. This process included EHD and water sputtering. After spraying, the mass of the droplets with a diameter above 80 m was above 99.6% of total droplet mass. Secondly, discharge characteristics and capture for particles in CDSW was researched. The experimental data showed that current of negative CDSW was higher than that of dry negative corona discharges under the same voltages, in CDSW, besides of free electrons and negative ions in dry negative corona discharge, there were lots of highly charged particles migrating to plane electrodes with a high velocity, so a bigger current was produced. The highly charged droplets had high charge-mass ratio. Their migration velocity was about 30m/s under electric field. They had efficient electrostatic and dynamic agglomeration for the dusts in flue gas, which never occurred in the traditional electrostatic precipitators. Therefore the precipitation of CDSW had higher precipitation efficiency. Thirdly, in the CDSW, flying droplets 东北师大硕士毕业论文bombed plate electrodes and formed water film on their surface. The dropping water film immediately removed particles which bombed water film. In the operation, the droplets with high velocity removed waste adhered to the plate electrodes too. Compared CDSW with traditional wet electrostatic precipitation, the clean of the former had better effect and could reduced use of water. Last, in the negative CDSW, when water temperature respectively was 220c and 640c , the current of CDSW showed that there was no evident change in discharging process.At the end of this paper, other functions of CDSW were discussed. It could eliminate bad smell, harmful organic compounds and kill microorganism and germ in the water. So the water may be used circulate.更多还原