辩诉交易研究

【作者】 范圣兵；

【导师】 王圣扬；

【作者基本信息】 安徽大学 ， 法律， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 辩诉交易是指控辩双方适用简易程序处理案件达成协议并为法官接受的一项司法制度。辩诉交易有明示和暗示之分。辩诉交易起源于美国，如今已被众多国家接受。辩诉交易需要一定的理论基础和现实条件的支持，如现实主义的司法公正观、当事人主义的诉讼理念、司法成本和效益观、实用主义的价值取向、案件的压力、检察官广泛的裁量权和人类趋利避害的心理本能等等。 辩诉交易引起无数的争论，支持者认为辩诉交易可以体现个人自由和独立的观念、实现更高层次的社会效益、节约司法资源、提高诉讼效率、保护各当事人的利益、降低刑诉风险，而反对者则认为辩诉交易不追求客观真实、放纵犯罪、损害司法公正、违背“无罪推定”、“罪刑一致”、“法律面前人人平等”等原则。笔者则认为，反对者的理由不充分，有的缺点可以避免，有的根本就不是缺点；在我国引入辩诉交易制度有其必要性，如诉讼效率过于低下、法官自由裁量权过大、入世和司法改革等迫切需要辩诉交易，而且我国有引入辩诉交易的可行性，我国现行许多制度中暗含“辩诉交易”精神，特别是“坦白从宽”的刑事政策和刑诉法142条及140条的规定。辩诉交易不会损害司法公正。要处理好辩诉交易和简易程序的关系。 构建有中国特色的辩诉交易制度必须遵循一定的原则，如当事人自愿原则；注意几个问题，如辩诉交易应该有明确的限制条件；并建立一些必要的制度，如律师的全面介入、对嫌疑人的司法保障和法官对交易的审查等等。更多还原

【Abstract】 Plea-bargaining is a judicial system that handles law case with summary procedure, reaches agreement by the court prosecutor and the attorney and accepted by judge. Plea-bargaining can be divided into the expressed and the hinted. Plea-bargaining originated from America, but now, numerous countries have already accepted it. Plea bargaining needs the support of certain theoretical foundation and realistic condition, for instance realistic idea of judicial just, the lawsuit concept of adversary system, the idea of judicial cost and benefit, the value orientation of pragmatism, the pressure of law case, the public prosecutor extensive right of discretion, the mankind psychological instinct of tending to advantage and avoid harmful and so on.Plea bargaining arouses countless arguments , the supporter think that plea bargaining can embody the idea of individual freedom and independence, realize the social benefit of higher level , economize judicial resource, raise lawsuit efficiency, protect the benefits of each party, reduce the risk of criminal action. But the opponent think plea bargaining do not pursue objective true, indulge to commit, harm judicial justice, violate the principle of "presumption of innocence, suiting punishment to crime and so on" . But the author thinks that the reasons of opponent aren’t ample, some shortcomings can be avoided, some do not exist. In our country leading into plea bargaining system has its necessaries, for example the lawsuit efficiency is too low, the freedom of judge’s right of discretion is too extensive, the needs of joining WTO and judicial reform and so on. Our countryhas the feasibility of establishing plea bargaining, it’s spiritual has embodied in a lot of current systems of our country, especially the criminal policy of " leniency to those who confess their crimes and severity to those who refuse to ", and the 140 term and 142 term of criminal procedural law. Plea-bargaining will not harm judicial justice. We should correctly handle the relation of the plea-bargaining and the summary procedure.When we found Chinese characteristic plea bargaining system, we must follow certain principles, for instance the voluntary principle of party. We should notice some problems, for instance plea bargaining should be limited in restriction conditions. And establish some necessary systems, for instance letting lawyer intervene all-sided, ensuring for the administration of justice of suspect and the examination of judge for trade and so on.更多还原