【作者】 郑艳梅；

【导师】 赵景利；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 化工过程机械， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文在对氯化铵回收的三效降膜蒸发系统错流操作流程设计的基础上，对系统进行(火用)经济分析，充分有效地发挥能源的作用，提高能源利用率。 在对蒸发系统(火用)分析基础上，找到系统(火用)损的主要环节，即二次蒸汽的消耗引起的外部(火用)损、有效传热温差和浓缩热引起的内部(火用)损。引入矩阵概念，对三效降膜蒸发系统总传热面积进行优化，得到加热蒸汽消耗量与总传热面积之间的关系。即，总传热面积减小，加热蒸汽量则增加；反之，总传热面积增加，加热蒸汽消耗量减少。不可设计一个多效蒸发系统，使总传热面积和加热蒸汽消耗量同时为最小，只能求得相对有效解。采用拉格朗日乘子法对氯化铵回收的三效降膜蒸发系统进行经济优化，得出三效降膜蒸发系统优化流程，即采用在第一、二效后增加热泵和真空蒸发的方法，提高了二次蒸汽的品位能，减少了由于传热温差和浓缩热引起内部(火用)损。通过经济核算，证实此流程可获得显著的经济效益。 本文编制了一套三效错流蒸发系统设计计算程序，对于多效错流蒸发系统的设计计算提供了较好的基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through the design for three-effect falling-film evaporation system of interleaving flow, the exergy economic analysis of the evaporation system was carried out. The effect of exergy source was fully utilized.Basing on the exergy analysis of the evaporation system the links which losing exergy most was found. The external losing exergy mainly concentrated in the consumption of second-degree vapor. The internal losing exergy mainly caused by the difference in temperature of heat conduction and concentrated heat. The matrix was introduced to optimize the total area of heat conduction. The relation between consumption of vapor and total area of heat conduction was given. If the total area reduced, the amount of vapor would increased. Whereas, if the total area increased, the amount of vapor would reduced. The multi-effect evaporation system can’t be designed in order that both total area of heat conduction and consumption of vapor were least. While the method of Lagrange was used to optimize the system, the optimized flow was gained. The flow was appended jet pump behind the first effect and the second effect. By this means, the second-degree vapor was improved and internal losing exergy caused by the difference in temperature of heat conduction and concentrated heat was reduced. It proved by economic calculation that this flow could acquire marked economic benefit.A new design program for three-effect evaporation system of interleaving flow was educed. It provided a preferable base for the design of multi-effect evaporation system.更多还原