【作者】 张启祥；

【导师】 于琨奇；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 专门史， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 张嘉璈是中国近代史上尤其是中华民国史上一位极其重要的人物。在九十年的生涯里，他在中国银行任职二十三年，在铁道部、交通部前后任期七年，此外他还有大量优秀的经济学著述面世。他的经济活动涉及面广，经济思想博大精深，他对中国的银行、铁路、公路、公债、外债、通货膨胀、中共的经济等均有所研究。不过至今，有关张嘉璈的研究还仅仅停留在对相关事件的论述中，以张嘉璈本人为研究对象的论文和著作还不曾见到。按照著名经济史家严中平对史学研究的“四新”(新问题、新方法、新观点、新资料)要求，本文拟主要从研究“新问题”的角度对张嘉璈的经济思想做一个简单梳理和评价。 本文按照：一、最能体现张嘉璈经济思想的集中成就；二、张嘉璈有具体的实践这两个要求，选取了张嘉璈的银行建设、交通建设、利用外资、社会救济四个方面的经济思想作为论述的对象。张嘉璈苦心经营中国银行二十三年，他追求银行的专业化、现代化和商化；他在中国的交通建设中，将弘扬爱国主义和实事求是地加快中国的交通建设很好的结合起来。他在银行建设和交通建设的过程中，实践了他的利用外资思想和社会救济思想。他主张充分利用中国的现实条件和外资在华的竞争，积极引进外资；他将公用财政的思想首次运用于中国，发展了中国的社会救济思想。 不过张嘉璈的经济思想受时代和环境的影响非常大。他的经济思想和他的经济实践差异很大，这不是以他的意志为转移的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Zhang Jia-ao is a particularly important figure in history of modern China, especially of the Republic of China. Zhang Jia-ao, during his 90-year-life, held a job in Bank of China 23 years and in the Ministry of Railway and the Ministry of Communications 7 years. His activities and thoughts in economy were so wide and extensive that he had done researches on Chinese bank, railway, highway, government bond, external debt, inflation, economy of Chinese Communist Party and so on. But up to now, researches about Zhang Jia-ao still only stop at the incidents correlation with those and theses and works about Zhang Jia-ao himself are still never seen. According to "Four New" (New Problem, New Method, New Viewpoint and New Datum), proposed by Yan Zhong-ping, a famous historian of Chinese modern economic history, this paper is to take a first step towards simply combing and assessing economic thoughts of Zhang Jia-ao from the new angle.I have chosen four aspects-thoughts of construction of banks, communications, using foreign capital, social security according to two fundamental rules that they must embody the great achievements of Zhang Jia-ao and they must be practiced by Zhang Jia-ao. Zhang Jia-ao had been in Bank of China 23 years and he was always suing for specialization, modernization and mechanization of banks; in railroading of the Public of China, he blended Chinese patronization with the fast construction of communications in terms of Chinese facts. During the growth of thoughts of bank and railroading, he developed thoughts of using foreign capital and social security. He urged that China should actively absorb foreign capital by using the sharp competition of foreign capital. He used the thought of public finance in China for the first time, which had developed thoughts of social security in Chinese history.But the times and surroundings took great impacts on Zhang Jia-ao and his economic thoughts. It made great difference between his economic thoughts and his economic actions, which was not to shift with his will.更多还原