电化学凝聚—生物炭滤池联合法处理废水技术及应用研究

【作者】 李勇；

【导师】 朱又春；

【作者基本信息】 广东工业大学 ， 环境工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究了用电化学凝聚法、生物活性炭法、电化学凝聚—生物炭滤池联合法处理印染废水、餐饮废水的工艺条件和作用机理，据此提出电化学凝聚—生物炭滤池联合法处理废水的实用性、适应性。 首先采用电化学凝聚法处理废水，利用可溶性铁电极作为复极性电化学凝聚反应器的阴阳极，在原有的研究基础上，通过进一步研究确定影响电化学凝聚法处理效果的主要因素。研究表明，用电化学凝聚法分别处理广州某线业有限公司印染废水和某酒楼餐饮废水，其处理效果／能耗比适宜的条件分别为：28A／m²电流密度、20min电化学凝聚时间和18A／m²电流密度、28min电化学凝聚时间。连续处理工艺试验结果表明：在相应的适宜处理效果／能耗比条件下，电化学凝聚法对印染废水CODcr、TP、色度的去除率分别为71％、78％、67％左右，对餐饮废水CODcr、NH₃-N、TP的去除率分别为62％、50％、79％左右。废水仅经过电化学凝聚法处理，虽然尚不能全面达到废水Ⅰ级排放标准，但已为电化学凝聚-生物炭滤池联合法处理废水的研究创造了必要条件。 生物炭滤池法采用颗粒活性炭作为微生物挂膜的载体，在生物炭挂膜成熟后，考察了进水CODcr浓度、废水停留时间对生物炭法处理废水效果的影响。试验表明，当进水浓度低、废水停留时间长时，生物炭法对废水污染物去除率高。连续处理工艺试验结果表明：当印染废水进水CODcr为600～900mg／L时，废水停留时间在4h以内，生物炭法对印染废水COD平均去除率超过60％，色度平均去除率超过50％；而当餐饮废水进水CODer为600～950mg／L时，废水停留时间在4.5h以内，生物炭法对餐饮废水COD平均去除率超过70％，NH₃-N去除率达70％左右，而TP去除率偏低。生物炭滤池法处理废水，在处理效果／能耗比适宜的情况下，处理出水仍不能全面达到废水Ⅰ级排放标准，但为电化学凝聚-生物炭滤池联合法处理废水的研究积累了对比参数。 在上述仅用电化学凝聚、生物炭滤池法分别处理废水的试验基础上，进行电化学凝聚-生物炭滤池联合法处理废水的试验研究。在处理效果／能耗比适宜条件下，首先利用电化学凝聚对废水进行预处理，然后考察生物炭滤池废水停留时间对整个电化学凝聚-生物炭滤池联合法处理废水效果的影响。连续处理工艺试验结果表明：印染废水先经电化学凝聚预处理后，在生物炭滤池废水停留时间为3h时，最终处理出水CODcr＜100mg／L，TP＜0.5mg／L，色度＜40倍，且此时BOD₅＜20mg／L，均达到广东省地方标准《水污染物排放限值》（DB44123-2001）纺织染整行业废水Ⅰ级排放标准，若仅用生物炭滤池法，需12h以上才能达到CODcr＜100mg／L的效果；而餐饮废水先经电化学凝聚预处理后，在生物炭滤池废水停留时间为3.5h时，最后处理出水CODcr＜90mg／L、NH₃-N＜10mg／L，TP＜0.5mg／L　且此时BOD₅＜20mg／L，均达到广东省地方标准《水污染物排放限值》（DB44123-2001）　其他类排污单位废水Ⅰ级排放标准， 广东工业大学工学硕士论文若仅用生物炭滤池法，需6h以上才能达到＊ODe＜90mg／L的效果。 本研究只是对电化学凝聚一生物炭滤池联合法处理废水新工艺作了初步探讨，其整个系统的进一步优化、协调、整合及综合经济效益分析仍有待深入研究，以期开发出一种满足“经济、高效、节能和技术先进”要求的废水处理新工艺。 本试验研究在电化学凝聚、生物活性炭水处理技术已有的研究基础上，还对电化学凝聚一生物炭滤池联合法处理废水的机理进行了基本探讨。更多还原

【Abstract】 Process controlling conditions and functioning mechanism of Electrocoagula tion-Process(EP), Biological Activated Carbon Process(BACP), and Electrocoagu-lation-Biological Activated Carbon Process(E-BACP) applied to treat dyeing wastewater and restaurant wastewater, were studied in this paper. Hereby, E-BACP was introduced to investigate its practicability and adaptability about treating wastewater.Firstly, EP was applied to treat wastewater with dissolvable Fe electrode of bipolar electrolysis cell. On base of previous investigation, EP was further studied to ascertain its main factors about treatment effect. Study showed: Under feasible ratio of treatment effect/electrical energy consumption, using EP to treat Guangzhou some textile company dyeing wastewater and some hotel restaurant wastewater, respective working conditions were: 28A/m2 of current density & 20min of electrolysis time and 18A/m2 of current density & 28min of electrolysis time. Continuously processing experiment results showed: Under feasible ratio of treatment effect/electrical energy consumption, CODcr, TP and shade removal ratio of dyeing wastewater treated by EP respectively were 71%,78% and 67% or so, and CODcr, NH3-N and TP removal ratio of restaurant wastewater treated by EP respectively were 62%,50% and 79% or so. Although wastewater treated by EP couldn’t completely attain I grade discharge standards, this helped to further research of E-BACP in treating wastewater.Granular activated carbon was used as carrier for biofilm in BACP. After biological membrane grew regularly, effect of influent concentration and wastewater remaining time on treatment results of BACP were examined. Study showed: When influent concentration was low and wastewater remaining tune was long, pollutant removal ratio of wastewater treated by BACP would be higher. Continuously processing experiment results showed: When dyeing wastewater was treated by BACP under influent CODcr of 600~900mg/L and during BAG remaining time of 4h, COD average removal ratio exceeded 60% and shade average removal ratio exceeded 50%. But, When restaurant wastewater was treated by BACP under influent CODcr of 600~950mg/L and during BAG remaining time of 4.5h, COD average removal ratio exceeded 70%, NHs-N removal ratio reached 50% or so and TP removal ratio was on the low side. Wastewater treated by BACP couldn’t completely attain I grade discharge standards under feasible ratio of treatment effect/electrical energy consumption, but this accumulated process contrasting parameters for E-BACP.On base of above study on EP and BACP applied to treat wastewater, E-BACPmwas investigated in treating wastewater. Under feasible ratio of treatment effect /electrical energy consumption, pretreatment of wastewater was carried by EP, and then effect of BAG remaining time on treatment results of E-BACP was studied. Continuously processing experiment results showed: After dyeing wastewater was pretreated by EP, then under BAG remaining time of 3h, its quality of ultimately treated effluent was: CODcr<100mg/L, TP<0.5mg/L, shade<40times and BOD5<20mg/L. These water pollution controlling indexes all met the local standards of Guangdong province玠ischarge limiting values of water pollutants?DB44123-2001) I grade about dyeing wastewater. And single BACP could attain effect of CODcr<100mg/L only after BAG remaining time of 12h. When restaurant wastewater was pretreated by EP, then under BAG remaining time of 3.5h, its quality of ultimately treated effluent was: CODcr<90mg/L, NH3-N<10mg/L, TP<0.5mg/L and BOD5<20mg/L. These water pollution controlling indexes all met the I grade standards of DB44123-2001 about other wastewater. And single BACP could attain effect of CODcr<90mg/L only after BAG remaining tune of 6h.This paper only studied and discussed primarily on wastewater treatment by E-BACP, and its further optimization, harmony, conformity and economic benefit analysis in the round still needed further research to develop a new kind of wastewater treatment process meeting the need of eco更多还原