【作者】 孔凡贵；

【导师】 王宝辉； 陈颖；

【作者基本信息】 大庆石油学院 ， 化学工艺， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 在综合评述油田污水（水驱和聚合物驱污水）状况与处理技术研究的基础上，针对水驱和聚合物驱污水的特点，提出油田污水处理的关键是去除油和PAM。本文利用次氯酸钾法制备的高铁酸盐，以及芬顿试剂作为高级氧化剂，采用人工光源，针对水驱油田污水和三采聚合物驱污水，研究了高级氧化技术处理油田污水中的石油烃类和聚丙烯酰胺的降解和降粘反应的特性，同时考察了高铁酸盐投加量、反应体系初始pH值、反应温度、Fe（Ⅱ）的用量、H₂O₂的用量、反应时间等因素对氧化反应的影响。 研究结果表明：（1）高铁酸盐和芬顿试剂具有较高的氧化活性，降解和降粘的效果非常显著，尤其突出的是，高铁酸盐是一种独特的高效水处理剂。（2）在常温下，含PAM污水中投加适量的高铁酸盐或芬顿试剂，PAM降解率都可以达到90％以上，反应3-5minPAM污水的粘度即可达到蒸馏水的粘度，因此利用此高级氧化技术处理聚丙烯酰胺污水有一定的潜力。（3）首次采用高铁酸盐和芬顿试剂氧化法深度处理油田污水中的石油烃类，使污水中的油类含量达到国家排放标准。各种因素对高级氧化处理含油污水有不同程度的影响，其中pH值影响最为显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 By reviewing the literature and studying characteristics of oilfield wastewater, we get an idea that the removal of oil and PAM is a key for disposal of the oilfield wastewater. In the paper, we used ferrate salts and Fenton reagents as advanced oxidants for oxidation degradation and viscosity-breaking of petroleum hydrocarbon and PAM in oilfield wastewaters. Adopting simulating solar light sources, effects of ferrate, Fe2+- H2O2 concentrations. pH. temperature and time on oxidation were investigated.The results show that the ferrates and Fenton reagents have a high oxidative activity, degradation and visco-breaking properties marks an action to the oilfield wastewater, and ferrate is a special and efficient treatment reagent of wastewater. In room temperature, we added suitable ferrate and Fenton reagent to wastewater containing PAM. The degradable rate of PAM can reach 90% or up and the viscosity is lowed to viscosity of distilled water by reaction of 3 to 5 minutes. Therefore, treatment of PAM in oilfield wastewater by he advanced oxidation processes is potential technology. Using oxidation treatment of ferrates and Fenton reagents, the concentration of hydrocarbons in oilfield wastewater is lower than one regulated in national standards.更多还原