乙醇-柴油-汽油混合燃料在柴油机上的应用研究

【作者】 杜宝国；

【导师】 许锋；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2003， 硕士

【摘要】 燃料乙醇是一种可再生资源，探索其作为代用燃料在柴油机上的应用，这对于我国的能源、环保、农业等问题具有重要意义。 本文阐述了在柴油机上以汽油为助溶剂应用燃料乙醇的一种方法，在分析乙醇-柴油-汽油混合燃料的物化特性和配比特性的基础上，试验研究了在135柴油机上燃用不同比例的混合燃料对柴油机性能的影响及其燃烧特性；同时，还研究了在不同的柴油机参数下应用混合燃料对柴油机性能和排放特性的影响。研究结果表明：可以用汽油作为助溶剂配制出完全互溶的乙醇柴油混合燃料；在柴油机基本结构不变的条件下燃用混合燃料，可以达到原机的功率，当量油耗率和原机大致相当；燃用混合燃料时，柴油机的碳烟排放和NO_x排放均明显降低；当使用伞喷HL喷嘴燃用混合燃料时，柴油机NO_x排放下降显著；柴油机燃用混合燃料后，滞燃期延长，燃烧速度加快，燃烧温度降低，燃烧持续期缩短。 此外，作者还应用新设计的中心带凸台的缩口型燃烧室和原机缩口ω型燃烧室进行了柴油机上的性能对比试验。试验表明，使用中心带凸台的缩口型燃烧室后柴油机的性能有所改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fuel ethanol is reproducible resource. It has an important meaning to explore its application on the diesel engine as substituted fuel for our nation’ s energy sources, environmental protection, agriculture and so on.The paper presents a way that on a diesel engine the fuel ethanol is used blended with gasoline as its additive. On the base of analyzing the physical, chemical and mixing proportion characteristics of ethanol-diesel-gasoline blended fuel, combustion characteristic and the effect on diesel engine performance using the blended fuel with different proportional component are studied on a 135 diesel engine. At the same time, the effect on the diesel engine performance and combustion characteristics using the blend fuel are also studied under different diesel engine parameter. The results show that the blended fuel with ethanol and diesel oil dissolving each other completely can be successfully gained when gasoline is used as the additive, and on the condition of not changing the basic structure of original engine, the blended fuel can be used and can get the same level as original engine’ s power, and brake specific fuel consumption rate approximately corresponds with the original one’ s. When using the conical spray H1 nozzle with the blended fuel, both PM and NO, emission of the engine are obviously reduced, especially the NO, .After using the blend fuel, the period of ignition delay becomes longer, the combustion velocity becomes quicker, the combustion temperature becomes lower, and the period of combustion duration becomes shorter.Furthermore, the performance Comparative experiment is also carried out between a wmodel and a newly designed contract throat combustion chamber which has a raised dais on the center. The test shows that the diesel engine performance can get some improvement when the latter combustion chamber is used.更多还原