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中小企业发展的国际比较研究

The Research on International Comparison of the Middle-sized and Small Businesses

【作者】 陈艳林

【导师】 康灿华;

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 , 国际贸易学, 2003, 硕士

【摘要】 在当今世界,无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,构成企业群体的是两类企业:一类是数量不多,在企业总数中所占比例很微小,但是规模很大的大企业;另一类是数量众多,在企业总数中所占比例很大,但是规模相对较小的中小企业。中小企业的规模虽然相对大企业来说很小,甚至微不足道,但是其数量众多,就像汪洋大海一样,渗透于人们社会经济生活的各个方面,在世界经济中占有十分重要的地位。从各国的统计数据中可以看出:中小企业创造了这些国家或地区生产总值的约50%,国际贸易的约50%,对外直接投资的约40%,创造了90%以上的就业机会以及50%以上的技术发明等。可以说,世界的财富50%以上是由中小企业创造的,中小企业是世界经济发展的稳定器,是世界科技创新的促进器,中小企业托起了世界的繁荣。 近20年的经济体制改革,使我国中小企业获得了有史以来的巨大发展。多种经济类型的中小企业在我国经济发展与体制改革过程中的重要地位日趋突出,引起越来越大的关注。国家经贸委成立中小企业司,制定扶持中小企业的政策,就是一个重要标志。但是相比较而言,在这方面的理论研究还是比较滞后的,我国中小企业的发展环境、发展状况还是不容乐观的。 本论文对日本、欧盟(德国、意大利等)、美国等国家中小企业的制度、地位、作用、特点、经营管理和政策等各个方面进行比较研究,汲取了各国的经验与教训。在此基础上,结合我国中小企业的客观实际,对建国以来特别是改革开放以来我国中小企业在经济发展与改革过程中的地位和作用进行了分析,立足于我国中小企业的历史、现状和未来,分析了我国中小企业存在的问题,并提出了自己的一些认识,探索出一条发展我国中小企业的可行之路。 本论文首先对中小企业作了一些简单的说明,给出了中小企业的定义、特征、将中小企业存在的原因进行了理论分析和实证分析;第 武汉理工大学硕士研究生毕业论文 二章分析了美国中小企业的发展,对美国中小企业的作用,以及美国 的中小企业政策进行了分析;第三章分析了欧盟中小企业的发展,重 点分析了德国和意大利中小企业的发展状况及政策扶持状况:第四章 分析了日本中小企业的发展,对日本中小企业的发展状况及日本的中 小企业政策进行了分析,并对美国、欧盟、日本的中小企业的发展和 扶持政策进行了比较;第五章分析了中国中小企业的发展,对中国中 小企业的发展历史,现状进行了分析,提出了存在的问题,结合美国、 欧盟、日本中小企业发展的经验和教训,对我国中小企业的发展提出 了一些建议。

【Abstract】 In this world, there are two types of enterprises: one is big enterprise; the other is middle-sized and small business. The former has a big size and only a few units with a small proportion in the whole enterprises; as for the latter, the size is small, but its quantity is very huge, and it appears everywhere with great significance in our life. From the statistical data of many countries, we can see, middle-sized and small businesses create about half of the production value, about half of the foreign trades, about forty percent of international investment, more than ninety percent of the employment and more than fifty percent of the technology inventions in the countries and regions. In a word, middle-sized and small businesses create more than half of the international fortune, stabilize the international economy, accelerate the technical innovation, contribute to the international economic prosperity.Since the economic reformation, the middle-sized and small businesses in our country have unprecedented great development. Many kinds of middle-sized and small business have played more and more important role. And increasing people pay attention to them. The middle-sized and small business department comes into being and makes policies to speed up the development of them.This dissertation analyzes the development of middle-sized and small businesses in America, European Union and Japan. I study the functions, status, features andpolicies relatively. And I get experiences and lessons. From these, I analyze the history and advancement of middle-sized and small businesses in our country, put forward the problems being in existence, and give some advice.The dissertation is organized as follow. There are five parts in all. Section 1 introduces the concept, features and functions. Section 2 introduces the development, functions of American small businesses and American policies for small businesses. Section 3 introduces the development, functions of middle-sized and small businesses and policies in Europe Union. Section 4 introduces the development, functions of middle-sized and small businesses and policies in Japan, and compares them. The last part analyzes the history and advancement of middle-sized and small businesses in our country, puts forward the problems being in existence, and gives some advice.

【关键词】 中小企业扶持政策
【Key words】 middle-sized and small businesspolicy
  • 【分类号】F276.3
  • 【被引频次】10
  • 【下载频次】1027
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