【作者】 刘向华；

【导师】 吴一平；

【作者基本信息】 河南农业大学 ， 农业经济管理， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 随着改革开放的进一步深入和市场经济体制的确立，我国的经济获得了长足进步，人民生活水平大幅度提高。但与此同时，我国的环境问题也越来越来严重，日益成为我国社会和经济生活关注的焦点。本文运用微观经济学、宏观经济学、环境经济学和制度经济学等有关基本原理，并且采用数据和图例分析的方法，深入分析了我国实行排污权交易的内在机理。 论文首先概述了我国目前环境状况，从人口、经济等角度分析造成我国环境污染加剧的原因，进而说明了我国现有的环境管理政策，尤其是排污收费制度的缺陷。从而探讨了我国实行市场经济的条件下进行排污权交易的必要性，并在借鉴美国成功经验的基础上，论述我国实行排污权交易的制约因素：市场经济制度和现代企业制度的不完善，以及环境产权制度法律上的缺陷和实行排污权交易的技术上的难题。在此基础上，本文提出了解决上述问题的对策：建立和完善市场经济制度，奠定排污权交易的宏观基础；建立和完善现代企业制度，奠定排污权交易的微观基础；发展和完善总量控制制度，设定排污权交易的控制目标；合理界定产权，使排污权具有法律地位；培育理性的参与者，完善排污权交易的支撑条件；有效的监管与市场规范；确定政府的职责，为排污权交易创造宽松环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 With deepening of reform and opening and establishment of market economy system in China, we make great progress in our country economy and people’s living standard of our country. At the same time, the environmental pollution is heavier than before, which becomes highlight on society and economy. This paper exerts on principal theory of microeconomics, macroeconomics, environmental economics and institutional economics. And on the basis of analysis on statistics and graphs, we study on theory of pollutant emission property right transaction.At first, the paper describes environmental condition in China, and analyses reasons on environmental pollution from popular and economy view of point. Then it analyses drawbacks of environment administration policies, especially the pollution charge, which exist in China now. And it discusses the necessity of putting system of pollutant emission property right transaction into effect. Next, based on experience about pollutantemission property right transaction in the U.S.A, it analyses some constrained factors as following: imperfection of market economy and modern enterprise system; and defection of property right system of environment in China; and technological difficulty of putting pollutant emission property right transaction into effect. Finally, this paper puts forward some countermeasures: perfecting market economy and modern enterprise system which lays macroeconomic and microeconomic foundations for pollutant emission property right ; and developing total emission control system which lays foundation for pollutant emission property right ; and reasonably formulating pollutant emission property right; and cultivating sensible participants which perfect pollutant emission property right; and establishing efficient market supervision and regulation; and defining rights and duties of our government.更多还原