【作者】 张黎明；

【导师】 杨江；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 企业管理， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 2001年11月9日中国终于结束了历经十四年的入世马拉松谈判。跨进WTO的门槛，融入经济全球化潮流，这既是一个陌生的领域，到处都是残酷的竞争与挑战；又是一个充满鲜花、可以让有备而来、实力雄厚的企业实现雄心壮志的舞台。入世后，中国零售企业的路在何方?本文就此问题展开了评述。 论文第二部分从介绍世界贸易组织及有关零售服务贸易协定入手展开分析。世界贸易组织是世界经济组织的三大支柱之一，在世界经济的发展中扮演着重要的角色。世贸组织在世界经济中起着如下重要作用：提高生活水平，保证充分就业，大幅度和稳定地增加实际收入和有效需求，扩大货物和服务的生产与贸易，按照持续发展的目的，优化世界资源，保护和维持生态环境，并以不同经济发展水平下各自需要的方式，加强采取各种相应的措施，积极努力的确保发展中国家，尤其是最不发达国家在国际贸易增长中的份额，与其经济发展相称。世贸组织运行的基本原则是无歧视待遇原则、透明度原则、公平竞争原则、自由贸易发展原则。中国政府在加入WTO后就要遵循其原则行事，发展经济。加入WTO，对我国零售企业影响较大的是《服务贸易总协定》，为此，我国政府在遵循市场准入和国民待遇原则的前提下，承担基本义务，享受基本权利。 论文第三部分讨论了入世后中国零售企业面临的压力和机会。首先，加入WTO给中国零售企业带来了强大压力。由于我国企业软、硬件条件的先天不足， 规模零、散、小，经营管理水平不高，经营方式单一，经营理念落后，从业人 员素质低下，外资凭借其强大的技术、成本、资金、服务、品牌优势纷纷抢摊 中国市场。由于中国零售企业长期受到政府的宏观调控，缺乏国际市场竞争环 境的磨练，并且企业与企业之间关系不）l匝，尤其是供求关系常常脱节，供应链 的不合理；消费需求的减少；还有零售企业的自身发展变化，这些都成为我国 零售企业的发展障碍。同时，“入世”也带给我国零售企业前所未有的机遇。在 国家政策一定程度的扶持与保护下，中国零售企业尚有很大的发展空间和发展 潜力。入世将有利于实现我国零售企业的创新，实现市场创新、管理创新、经 营创新、制度创新、人力资源队伍的创新、零售企业结构的创新和供应链的创 新，也为我国零售企业参与国际竞争提供机遇。 论文最后一部分讨论中国零售企业发展思路与对策。加入叮，我国零售 企业必须勇敢地直面挑战、把握机遇。论文就如何实现中国零售企业持续快速 的发展提出了总体思路和六条对策建议，即构建竞争战略；扩大经营规模；改 善经营环境；提高服务质量；加强技术支持；发展电子商务。更多还原

【Abstract】 The voting on china’s entering WTO in Doha on,Nov 9th,2001 give Chinese people a exciting result. At last Chinese read the WTO dream after a 14 years marathon full of difficult,dangers and hardship. Along with relaxation we are nervous about the future because it’s really a strange area for Chinese people to be pushed into the current of economic globalization,where there is both serious competition,challenges,and also flowers,opportunity for prepared,strong enterprises. How about the retail industry in China. The author will focus on this problem.WTO is one of the three stanchions supporting the world economy,and play an important role in the development of world economy. WTO got good performance in the following areas:enhance life quality,guarantee sufficiency employment,increase real income and efficiency demand to a big extent and stably,enlarge production and trade of products and service,optimized use of the resources according to the order of continuous development,protect and maintain environment,implement relevant treasures to guarantee developing countries’ international trade share match the development of their economy. The fundamental principles of WTO are:no discrimination,be transparent,equal competition,free development of trade. After entering WTO,China must develop her economy following these principles. Retail industry will be impacted most by " General Convention of Service Trade ",accordingly our government will take on some basic obligations as well as enjoy some basic rights.Entering into WTO gives much pressure to Chinese government. Because lack of soft and hard conditions in Chinese enterprises,Chinese enterprises’ scales are small,their trade modes are single,their staff is in low quality,at the same time foreign capitals occupy Chinese market by strong technology,cost advantage,abundant capital,brand advantage,and so on. There are many many ’obstacles before the development of our retail industry,such as soft control of Chinese government on macro-economics,illogicality of supply chains,decrease of demand,and changes in retail industry. Of course entering into WTO also bring to our retail industry many opportunities,our retail industry have many potential areas and can boom fast in the future with the support of government. Entering into WTO will be helpful for our retail industry in the innovation of following areas:marketing,management,business,system,human resource,structure and supply chains.After entering into WTO,Chinese retail industry should face the challenges bravely,catch the opportunities,realize speedy and continuous development,and the author give six advice to achieve the above goals:establish competitive strategy,expand scale of doing business,improve environment of doing business,improve the quality of serves,strengthen the support of technology,develop e-business properly.We hope that retail industry have good luck after entering WTO.更多还原