【作者】 彭建国；

【导师】 赵明华； 吴亚中；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 建筑与土木工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国公路特别是西部山区公路建设项目的迅速发展，挡土墙的使用日益广泛。衡重式挡土墙因具有衡重台使墙身重心后移、墙底应力趋于平衡，可提高挡土高度、增强墙体稳定性；且仰斜式下墙不仅受力合理、还可减少开挖与回填量等优点而被大量采用。但其常规设计计算量大、重复劳动且难以得到经济合理的设计方案，而现有挡土墙优化辅助设计程序多局限于土压力及重力式挡土墙的计算。因此，衡重式挡土墙的优化设计研究具有重要的工程实际意义及潜在的巨大经济效益。本文基于国内外挡土墙土压力理论研究现状，对常用土压力理论及其适应性等进行了论述，重点分析与探讨了衡重式挡土墙的土压力计算方法，特别是对其上、下墙背、墙后填土为粘性土及存在超载等情况下的土压力计算、墙身强度与稳定验算方法等进行了研究。并以此为基础，结合国内外已有工程实践经验，对衡重式挡土墙的常规设计加以探讨，指出了设计与施工中需重点注意的事项。此外，针对衡重式挡土墙常规设计存在的弊病，指出其优化设计的必要性与重要性，并在比较分析已有优化方法优缺点的基础上，引入并提出了一种新型混合遗传算法进行优化设计，解决了临近最优解搜索效率降低、搜索能力不足等缺陷。通过建立衡重式挡土墙优化设计模型，采用Visual Basic6． 0高级编程语言利用面向对象技术开发出衡重式挡土墙辅助优化设计系统BRWCAD。并以该系对一工程设计实例进行了应用与验证，效果良好。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the fast pace of highway construction in our country especially in the western districts, retaining walls are getting used widely and largely. As the balancing platform tends to make the barycenter move backward, a more balancing stress distribution under the wall, a higher and steadier wall can be achieved. Furthermore, the resupine back of the downward wall not only works reasonably, but also can reduce the amount of excavation and filling obviously. So gravity retaining walls with balancing platform are applied heavily. However, the routine design is characterized by vast and repeated calculation, and difficult in finding an economic and sound design. And the existing CAD programs are mostly limited to earth pressure calculation and design of gravity retaining wall. Consequently, the optimum design of gravity retaining walls with balancing platform are of great engineering significances and potential economic effect.Based on the known theoretical research at home and abroad, common theories of earth pressure and their adaptabilities are discussed in this paper, and emphases are put on the methods of earth pressure calculation and checking of strength and stability for retaining walls with balancing platform, especially under the condition of cohesive filling soil and over loading. Then, combined with the accumulated experiences, proceedings to be paid attention during design and construction and the necessities of optimum design as a result of the shortcomings for common design are pointed out for the walls. According to an analysis of the current various optimum methods, a new mixed type of genetic algorithm are proposed, which overcomes some typical limitations such as the decrease of hunting efficiency lack of hunting competence near the optimal solution. With a model for optimum design setup, the system BRWCAD are worked out with the advanced language Visual Basic6.0 and the object-oriented technique. By applying the system to the design of an engineering project, the comparison of results of optimum design with that of routine design shows that the test results are reasonable and economic.更多还原