氟化石墨合成新技术研究

【作者】 邹艳红；

【导师】 夏金童；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 材料学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 氟化石墨是现今国际上高科技、高性能、高效益的新型炭／石墨材料研究热点之一，其性能卓越、品质独特，是功能材料家族中的一朵奇葩。由于活泼性极高的剧毒单质气体氟是“气相法”合成氟化石墨的关键原料，加之，合成氟化石墨的技术细节国外文献披露极少，故“气相法”合成氟化石墨不但有一定的危险性，而且难度较高，迄今为止，国内有关这方面的实际研究论文报道极少，更无氟化石墨生产单位。因此，进一步完善本课题组的“气相法”合成氟化石墨的综合工艺技术，探求新的、安全的、成本较低的固态氟源以消除原料单质氟气带来的潜在危险性，寻找乃至制备新的碳源以确保氟化石墨产品的高质量，优化氟化石墨的合成工艺以提高合成的安全性，便成为本论文的目标与任务。 本论文二年多艰苦的实验研究工作，主要涉及以下诸方面的内容： 设计和制造了“气相法”合成氟化石墨的反应装置，进一步研究了“气相法”合成氟化石墨的综合工艺技术，并成功地在某工厂进行了验证性小试研究。 以含氟有机物为氟源，鳞片石墨为碳源，采用“固相法”成功地合成了氟化石墨，并对合成工艺条件逐一进行了研究，对不同工艺条件下合成的样品进行了综合测试分析。 以含氟无机物为氟源，鳞片石墨为碳源，采用“固相法”首次成功地合成了含有F—C键的样品，且对其合成工艺条件进行了研究，并进行了机理分析，为进一步拓宽合成氟化石墨的工艺方法开辟了新的途径。 研究了不同碳源原料“固相法”合成氟化石墨和氟化碳的新技术，分析和总结了合成反应的最佳工艺条件，并探讨了不同合成样品质量指标差异产生的原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Graphite fluoride, which has been widely applied in the advanced country, is one of the most internationally attractive subjects in the contemporary research into new carbon /graphite materials of high technology, superior quality and remarkable profit. With excellent properties and distinct qualities, it is one of the most remarkable flowers in the new functional material families. As the most traditional and commonest method by which graphite fluoride is synthesized, "the vapor phase method" must use the extremely active and highly toxic fluorine gas as a source of fluorine, and the key technology details are rarely revealed in foreign documents, so synthesizing graphite fluoride is very difficult as well as dangerous, so far, there has not been published thesis of practice research on this subject nationwide and manufactured graphite fluoride in any domestic plant. As a result, perfecting the key technical of the vapor phase method which is namely the production of the fluorine gas, searching a new, safe, low cost solid sources of fluorine to eliminate the sheltering dangers brought about by fluorine gas, hunting and even preparing a new sources of carbon to ensure the superior qualities of graphite fluoride, and improving the synthesis technology of graphite fluoride to security, become the aim of the study and the main content of the thesis.Several aspects are mainly involved in this paper as follows through more than two years’ hard work:The synthetic reactor for preparing the graphite fluoride was successfully designed and produced. The systematic research covered the technique of synthesizing the material by "the vapor phase method" and process. The small-sized experiment has been done in a factory.Graphite fluoride was successful synthesized by using an organic compound as the source of fluoride and the scale graphite as the source of carbon, i.e., the solid phase method. And the techniques of synthesizing have been researched one by one. Samples prepared by of the different techniques has been tested and analyzed synthetically.The successful synthesis of the graphite fluoride was in "the solid method" by using an inorganic compound as the source of fluoride and the scale graphite as theIIsources of carbon. And the techniques of synthesizing had been researched systematically. Its intrinsic nature has also been analyzed briefly. As a result, it cut a new way for the synthesis of the graphite fluoride.The various kinds of graphite fluoride and carbon fluoride synthesized with different sources of carbon have been studied. The best technological conditions have been analyzed and summarized. At the same time, the causes leading to the different quantities of the samples have been discussed.更多还原