【作者】 杨祖元；

【导师】 秦大同； 孙冬野；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 机械设计与理论， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 燃油汽车给人类带来了严重的环境污染和石油资源危机问题，为了解决这两大问题，世界各国不得不积极寻求开发排放低、使用新能源的新型交通工具。电动汽车被看成是能够解决内燃机汽车诸多问题的重要途径之一。为维护我国能源安全，改善大气环境，提高我国汽车工业的竞争力，科技部在“十五”国家863计划中，特别设立电动汽车重大专项。本文在分析研究国内外有关电动汽车动力传动系统研究方法和状况的基础上，对动力传动系统的选型、参数设计、控制系统的设计及动力性能仿真进行了分析研究，并对影响电动汽车动力性能和续驶里程的因素进行了分析，对动力传动系统的匹配进行了研究。本文的主要内容如下： （1）通过分析铅酸电池的工作原理，建立蓄电池的充放电模型，在此基础上分析其充放电特性并进行参数识别，建立了荷电状态SOC（State of Charge）和电动势E₀、电池内阻R₀以及极化电阻R_r之间的关系。根据铅酸电池容量和温度之间的关系，对容量进行了温度补偿，提出了SOC和剩余容量的精确计算方法，为设计和改进能量管理系统的性能奠定理论基础； （2）分析了电动汽车的结构特点，通过比较几种常见的动力传动系统布置方案，对蓄电池、电机等动力元件进行选型。在此基础上，对参数选择和参数间的合理匹配进行分析研究，提出一套比较合理的电动汽车动力传动系统参数的设计原则，并以长安汽车公司的SC7101轿车为研究对象，对其动力传动系统的参数进行了选择； （3）通过对电动汽车工作模式的分析，制定了相应的控制策略，并设计了整车及各部件的控制系统；确定了电动汽车动力性能的评价指标，以长安汽车公司的SC7101轿车为研究对象，建立了动力元件及整个动力传动系统的动力学模型，在此基础上进行动力性仿真，并分析了影响电动汽车动力性能的因素； （4）制定了ECE-R15工况巡航控制策略并设计了相应的模糊控制器，在此基础上对电动汽车的续驶里程进行ECE-R15工况道路仿真试验，进一步分析影响电动汽车续驶里程的因素，对动力传动系统的合理匹配进行研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Automobile has caused serious pollution and crisis of petroleum. In order to resolve these problems, each country has to develop new-style vehicles that enjoy low emission and use new energy resources. Electric vehicle is regarded as one of the important approaches that can resolve these problems caused by automobile that powered by internal-combustion engine. In order to save our energy resources and improve the atmospheric environment, to make our auto industry survive the drastic competition, the Ministry of Science and Technology especially set up the special item of EV in the national 863 plan of the tenth five-years plan. On the basis of investigation on the related literature of the power train of EV, this paper puts emphasis on studying the choice of the type and the parameters of the power train, the design of the control system and the simulation of the dynamic performance, analyzing the factors affecting the dynamic performance and the continuous mileage of EV. Finally, the match of the power train is studied.This thesis is composed of the following content:(1) After the study of the principle of lead-acid battery, the charging and discharging model of lead-acid battery is set up. The characteristics of charge and discharge are analyzed and the parameters are identified, then the relation between SOC (State of Charge) and the electromotive force, interior resistance, polarized resistance is established. According to the relation between the capacitance of lead-acid battery and the temperature, the capacitance is compensated. The precise calculating methods of SOC and the remained capacitance are brought forward. The above study is the theoretic basis on which the energy managing system is designed and improved.(2) The characteristics of the structure of the power train of EV are analyzed. Through the comparison of several collocating schemes of the power train, the type of storage battery and motor are chosen. On the above basis, the selection of parameters and the reasonable match among the parameters are studied, then a set of reasonable principles of the parameter design of the power train are brought forward. Then the parameters of the power train of the electric vehicle based on SC7101 are deigned.(3) According to the study of the working patterns of EV, the control strategy is established and the control systems of both the whole vehicle and each part are designed. The appraisal index of the dynamic performance is established and the dynamic model ofthe power train of the EV based on SC7101 is set up. On the basis of the model, the dynamic performance of EV is simulated and then the factors affecting the performance are studied, the measures to improve it are brought forward.(4) The ECE-R15 cruise control strategy is established and the fuzzy control system is designed, on this basis the continuous mileage of EV is simulated and the factors that affect the continuous mileage are analyzed. Finally, the reasonable match of the power train is studied.更多还原