【作者】 刘红娇；

【导师】 张卫华；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 载运工具运用工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 提高受流质量是铁路提速中亟待解决的问题，改善受电弓和接触网之间的关系是解决这一问题的关键。这就要求不断地提高接触网和受电弓的动力性能。 本文从提高受电弓的运动学和动力学性能以改善弓网关系，提高受流质量的角度出发，主要完成了两方面的内容：第一，本文从为保证机车正常运行和稳定受流对受电弓提出的要求出发，对高速受电弓框架结构的几何参数进行了优化；第二，从降低接触压力波动的角度出发，对受电弓的主动控制进行了研究。 首先，在建立受电弓框架结构的几何关系模型的基础上，根据列车平稳受流对受电弓机构提出的具体要求，以弓头平衡杆的平动为目标，以受电弓机构正常工作所要满足的条件为约束，运用单目标优化技术，对受电弓机构进行了优化，得到了使受电弓性能达到最优的几何参数，并对优化结果进行了深入的分析。通过优化提高了受电弓的运动学性能。 然后，用拉格朗日方程推导了受电弓的垂向非线性运动微分方程，对非线性的受电弓模型进行了线性化处理，得到了线性化的计算公式。同时，建立了接触网的有限元模型和受电弓／接触网耦合系统的动力学模型。最后，在此基础上，分析了受电弓／接触网系统的工作特点，建立了受电弓主动控制系统的数学模型，利用线性二次型最优控制策略，以给定性能指标为最小值为设计目标，性能指标为表征受电弓动力学特性的状态变量和主动控制力的函数，考虑了完全状态反馈的情况，进行了控制系统的设计。为了验证控制的效果，进行了仿真研究，分析了仿真的结果。并在分析了控制系统参数的作用的基础上，减少了用于反馈的状态变量，降低了控制系统实现的难度。同时，比较了不同速度下的控制结果，得出了在高速下控制效果更优的结论。通过受电弓主动控制系统的设计和对其的仿真研究，理论上降低了弓网系统接触压力的波动，从而改善了受流质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Current collecting performance is urgent to be improved for high-speed railway and better relationship between pantograph and catenary is the key to this problem. So this requires improving dynamic performance of pantograph and catenary.From the aspects of changing the relationship of pantograph and catenary and improving the current collecting performance, two main topics are discussed in this thesis: firstly, from the locomotive’s stable running and current collection’s demands for pantograph, the geometric parameters of pantograph’s frame structure are optimized; Secondly, to reduce the fluctuation of the contact force between the pantograph and catenary, active control of pantograph is studiedAbove all, the geometric relation model of high-speed pantograph frame structure is developed in this paper. Considering the detailed demands of locomotive’s stable current collecting for pantograph mechanism, the objective function of the translation of pantograph-head balancing bar and the confining conditions of the demands which the pantograph mechanism must meet to work properly, are determined. The geometric parameters are calculated by using the single objective optimization technique and a series of parameters obtained optimized the pantograph performance. Also, the optimization result is analyzed thoroughly. Kinetic performance is improved by the use of optimization technique.Next, the nonlinear perpendicular kinetic differential equation of pantograph is derived from a Lagarangian Equation. The nonlinear model of pantograph is linearized and the calculation formulas are obtained. At the same time, the finite element model of the catenary and the model of the coupling system of the pantograph/catenary are performed. Finally, based on the studies above, the characteristics of pantograph/catenary are analyzed and the active pantograph is modeled. By using the linear quadratic optimal control law, the design objective is to minimize the performance index, which is a function of the state variables representing the pantograph’s dynamic characteristic and the active control force. The control system is designed considering the complete state feedback. To verify the control’s effect, the simulation is performed and the result is analyzed. And then, the number of the state variable in the feedback is lowered through analyzing the function of the state variables to the control force, therefore, to realize the control law is much easier. At the same time, the results at different speed are compared, and the paper comes to a conclusion that the results at the higher speed is much more obvious. The design of the pantograph’s active control system and the study of the simulation results reduce the fluctuation of the contact force theoretically and thus improve the current collecting quality.更多还原