【作者】 李娅娜；

【导师】 佟维；

【作者基本信息】 大连铁道学院 ， 车辆工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 当前，我国正处于经济建设飞速发展的阶段。铁路作为整个国民经济的大动脉，担负着货运和客运两大重任。高速铁路无疑为铁路运输带来了新的生机，但随着铁路客运运行速度的日益提高以及货运运载重量的不断增加，轮轨之间的相互动力作用就会急剧增加，对车辆及线路带来各种损坏，甚至发生脱轨。因此对车辆及线路系统的振动进行精确的模拟计算是十分迫切的。车辆系统振动，在全世界铁路系统都是老问题，但由于问题的复杂性，加之过去研究工具和手段的不足，迄今为止在国际上还没有搞清楚。随着计算机和计算力学的发展，近年来各国铁路科研工作者开始对列车—线路耦合系统进行研究，其中，车—桥耦合振动的有限元分析研究就是近年来发展起来的一个重要组成部分。 本文在选定合适方法的基础上，编制了车—桥耦合振动分析系统程序，对车辆、桥梁、车—桥耦合振动进行了动力响应分析。结果表明：车辆的振动主要和车速及轨道不平顺有关，车速越高，轨道越不平顺，车辆振动的就越剧烈；车过桥时桥梁跨中动力响应与等效移动荷载作用下桥梁跨中动力响应比较，桥梁跨中的位移基本相近，速度和加速度则不同，等效移动荷载作用情况下的数值比较大；车辆过地面轨道不平顺时的速度、加速度比车辆过桥上同样轨道不平顺时的数值大。 本文研究表明，车—桥耦合振动分析系统程序可以单独对车辆、桥梁进行振动分析，还可以对车—桥耦合振动系统进行分析，并且从外部数据文件，到计算求解，再到结果输出可一并进行，界面友好，操作简单，功能较强。本文利用有限元法求解车—桥耦合振动问题，从弹性体入手，建立三维空间模型，从而克服传统多刚体系统动力学研究方法在建模及计算方面的局限性，探讨了一些传统研究方法难以解决的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Currently,our country is in a stage that the economy is developing at very high speed. As the main artery of whole national economy,railway takes on two important tasks:freight and passenger transportation. High speed-railway is doubtless to bring new vital force for railway transportation. But with the speed and the load increasing,the motivity between wheel and rail increases rapidly which can bring the kind of damage to vehicle and line and more seriously can lead digression. Therefore,proceeding to the vibration of vehicle and line system precision of emulation calculation is very urgent. Vehicle system vibration is an old problem in the world railway system. Because the complexity and the deficiency of the research tools and methods,up to now this question still remain unsolved. With the development of the computer and calculating dynamics,in recent years many researchers from different countries begin to research the coupling between train and line. The research on the coupling between vehicle and bridge with the finite element method becomes one of the very important constitutional parts.This paper complies analysis system procedure on the coupling vibration of vehicle-bridge based on reasonable method and uses this procedure to proceed dynamical response analysis to vehicle,bridge,vehicle-bridge on coupling vibration. Result shows:the vibration of vehicle is mainly relevant to velocity and uneven path. The higher the velocity is,the more uneven the path is,the more violent the vibration of vehicle is;comparing dynamical response of middle bridge stride on vehicle passing bridge and on equivalent moving loads,the displacement is same but the velocity and the acceleration are different;the result of velocity and acceleration of vehicle is big over the ground path than over the same path of bridge.This paper shows that analysis system procedure on the coupling vibration of vehicle-bridge can alone research vehicle vibration,bridge vibration and can still research vehicle-bridge on coupling vibration. Moreover,from the external data document to calculation,then to the result output can proceed together. The interface of procedure is amity,operation is simple and the function is strong. This text makes use of the the finite element method to solve coupling vibration of vehicle-bridge. From the flexibility commence to establish 3D model,it overcomes the limitation of traditional multi-rigid body on modeling and caculating. Thereby this paper studies some problems that are difficult to traditional research method.更多还原