【作者】 袁家明；

【导师】 陈多璞； 吴跃进；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 2001年，在合肥、宣城、怀远三个试点同时种植33个杂交中籼组合及其亲本，对参试组合及亲本的农艺性状和品质性状进行方差、杂种优势、遗传相关性、配合力、主成分等内容分析，得出如下结论： 1．通过杂种优势、配合力等分析知：亲本中，对提高稻米品质最有利用价值为中9A，其次为金23A、明恢63、江恢151；利用价值低的为057、珍汕97A、龙特浦A。 2．品质性状间相关性分析知，碾磨品质性状间的正相关都达极显著水平。整精米率与精米率、糙米率极显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.865和0.478。 粒长、粒宽两性状相互制约，粒长与其它品质性状间的相关性同粒宽与相对应的品质性状间的相关性相反；长宽比增加，粒形改善，往往垩白也会下降，但同时伴随碾磨品质下降，糊化温度上升。 垩白粒率与糙米率、精米率呈极显著负相关；与米粒长、长宽比呈极显著负相关，与米粒宽呈极显著正相关；垩白面积与米粒宽呈极显著正相关，与长宽比呈显著负相关。 蒸煮食用品质性状间的相关性达到显著或极显著水平。 农艺性状与品质性状间相关性分析知，产量与精米率、整精米率的相关性达极显著，产量与其它品质性状间大多存在负相关，但相关性都不显著。说明产量与品质性状间不存在明显制约关系，配制既高产又优质的籼型杂交稻组合在理论上是可行的。 3．主要品质性状的狭义遗传力大小次序为：长宽比＞直链淀粉含量＞碱消值＞整精米率＞垩白度＞胶稠度；主要农艺性状的狭义遗传力大小次序为：株高＞千粒重＞穗实粒数＞有效穗＞产量。 4．根据参试组合的品质性状和产量综合表现，组合金23A／明恢63、K17A／辐恢838、K17A／明恢63、399S／扬稻6号、X07S／扬稻6号、培矮64S／扬稻6号相对较好，在生产上具有较大的推广应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rice quality characters and agronomic characters of 33 middle hybrid combinations and their parents,cultivated at Xuancheng,Hefei,Huaiyuan in 2001,were studied with the analysis of variance,heterosis,genetic correlation,combining ability and principal components etc. The results were as follows.1. It was indicated,through analysis on combining ability,that the sterile lines Zhong9A was the most available in rice quality breeding;the parents such as Jin23A,Minghui63,Jianghui151 were more available in rice quality breeding;The parents such as 057,Zhenshan97A,LongtepuA were less available in rice quality breeding.2. The partial correlation of rice quality characters indicated that the positive correlation among milling characters was significant at 1% level;the positive correlation between head milled rice recovery (HMR) and milled rice recovery (MRR) or brown rice recovery (BRR) was significant at 1% level,the partial correlation coefficients were 0.865**,0.478**,respectively.The rice length (L) and rice width (W) constrained each other,the correlation between L and other rice quality characters was almost reverse to that of W and other rice quality characters. That the L increased would be good for rice shape and chalkiness,but be bad for the milling characters and alkali-spreading value (ASV).The negative correlation between chalky rice rate (CR) and BRR or MRR was significant at 1% level;the negative correlation between chalky rice rate (CR) and L or L/W was significant at 1% level;the positive correlation between CR and W was significant at 5% level. The positive correlation between chalky area (CA) and W was significant at 1% level;the negative correlation between CA and L/W was significant at 1% level.The partial correlation among the cooking- and tasting quality was significant at 5% or 1% level.The correlation coefficients between the agronomic characters and the rice quality characters were conducted also. The positive correlation between grain yield (GY) and MRR or HMR was significant at 1% level,but the negative correlation between GY and other rice quality characters were not significant at 5% level. It indicated that GY and the rice quality characters didn’t constrain each other,it was possible to breed the high-quality and high-GY hybrid middle indica combinations or varieties.3. The narrow heredity capacity of the principal rice quality characters was as follows:L/W>AOASV>CD>HMR>GC;The narrow heredity capacity of the principal agronomic characters was as follows:PH>KGW>FS>PP>GY.4. Judged by rice quality and GY,the combinations Jin23A/Minghui63,K17A/ Fuhui838,K17A/Minghui63,399S/Yangdao6,X07S/Yangdao6,Pei’ai64S/ Yangdao6 were high-quality and high-GY. They were more potential in cultivation.更多还原