【作者】 郭龙珠；

【导师】 刘庆华；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 农业水土工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究是黑龙江省水利厅科研项目《黑龙江省水稻旱育稀植节水灌溉分区模式研究》的子课题。通过数据分析，希望为探讨中部地区节水高产型水稻栽培新模式及地区水资源的可持续开发利用提供理论依据，并为今后的资料整编工作提供参考。 中部地区是我省主要的粮食产区，水田面积约200，000hm~2，由于种植水稻所具有的省工、省肥、经济效益高、增产潜力大的特点。近年来灌区水田面积不断增加，水资源不足的矛盾日益突出，已成为影响地区社会经济发展的一个重大课题。为此，试验站对旱育稀植水稻进行了不同的灌水技术试验，研究本田耗水规律，从投入产出角度确定经济灌溉定额，寻求节水、高产的灌溉制度是本课题研究的重点。 本课题以呼兰河流域早育稀植水稻为研究对象，针对本田期，运用SPAC理论和灌溉原理对需水量试验进行研究。通过实测数据，应用统计分析方法，建立起适合二、三积温带交界区域的需水量模型(包括与气象因子的关联分析)、渗漏模型、探讨了本田需水规律、渗漏规律及耗水规律，对累积日耗水量进行时间序列分析；针对充分与非充分灌溉两种情况提出水分生产函数的绝对值模型和相对值模型，相对值模型从全生育期(D-K模型)和分阶段(水稻-水模型)两个角度提出，通过对Jensen、Minhas、Blank、Stewart和Singh五种模型的对比分析，认为Jensen模型最符合本地区实际情况；并探求了水敏感指数的灰色生成规律；从投入产出的角度分析研究了水稻的经济灌溉定额，证明该地区有很大节水潜力；通过对多年灌溉试验结果的对比分析和模糊综合评判，推断湿润灌为寒区水稻优化灌溉制度，在研究得出的耗水规律和经济灌溉定额基础上，列表推求了平水年的优化灌溉制度，利用推求的水分生产函数，通过二维动态规划计算出非充分灌溉条件下的优化灌溉制度，最后通过正交分析对水肥耦合条件下的优化灌溉制度进行了分析研究，同时推出以水定产和以水定肥校正模型及水肥效应耦合模型。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis is the sub-project of the task named "The studying on water-saving irrigation sub-region pattern of Hei Longjiang dry farming and thinly populated rice, which is the scientific research project of the Water Resources Department of Hei Longjiang province. We wish to approach a new water-saving and high-yield rice cultivated model for mid-area, provide theoretical basis for regional water resources sustainable using, and furnish fresh train of thought for latter compiling water consumption data.Mid-area is the main grain producing area of Hei Longjiang province, there are 30,000hm2 paddy field in it. Dry seeded and thinly populated rice have such characteristics like water-saving, fertilizer-saving, high economic benefit, and large potentiality for increased production. For the paddy field extended in recent years, all these have made the inconsistency in water resources developed than ever before and have become a significant issue hindered local social and economic development. For these reason the experiments to research water consumptive regularity in field period, we can deduce economic irrigation quota from input-output model. The key issue we study is to seek water-saving and high-yield irrigation regime.The task investigates rice water consumptive experiments by SPAC theory and fundamentals of irrigation under dry farming and thinly populated cultivated model. The paper construct many mathematic models suitable for 2-to-3 accumulated temperature region through analyze actual measurement, such like water requirement model (include the correlation between water requirement and meteorological factors), seepage model, the regularity of water requirement, seepage and water consumption in field period. Study daily water consumption by time series analysis. Provide the absolute value and relative magnitude two kinds model under full irrigation and deficient irrigation two. different conditions. The relative magnitude model is raised from full growing period (D-K model) and stages two angles. By contrast Jensen, Minnas, Blank, Stewart and Singh five stage relative models, we think that Jensen model is the most suitable model to this area, at the same time seek the gray productive regularity of water sensible index. The paper find there have great water-saving potentialities in irrigation after research on rice economic irrigation quota from input-output angle, we also go further into themultiple economic irrigation quota.We reach the conclusion that the moistening irrigation is the optimized irrigation regime of cold zone rice through contrast yearly irrigated experiments data and fuzzy comprehensive judgment. By using tabulation method we inquire into the normal year optimize irrigation regime based on the water consumption regularity and economic irrigation quota ascertained ahead. Through use two-dimension dynamic programming we calculated the optimized irrigation regime under deficient irrigation condition, at the end by use orthogonal regression analyze the optimize irrigation regime under water-fertilizer coupled condition, we deduce yield-water and fertilizer-water correction model and water-fertilizer coupled effect model.更多还原