【作者】 张国财；

【导师】 王志英； 岳书奎；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 森林保护学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 舞毒蛾(Lymantria dispar L.)是世界性大害虫，具有分布广、食性杂、危害重、幼虫顺风迁移及周期性大发生等特点。近几年，在内蒙古大兴安岭地区落叶松林内猖獗成灾，发生面积达7万hm~2。为了有效控制舞毒蛾蔓延，减少对林木的危害，在该地区对舞毒蛾的生物学进行了细致研究，摸清了其生活史。观察结果表明：舞毒蛾在内蒙古大兴安岭地区一年一代，以完成胚胎发育的幼虫在卵内越冬，一龄、二龄、三龄、四龄、五龄和六龄幼虫，历期分别为14d、12d、6d、8d、lOd，六龄幼虫到化蛹、蛹到成虫羽化、成虫羽化到产卵，历期分别为7d、4d和1d。探索了在不同郁闭度条件下舞毒蛾的防治指标。经统计分析得出：郁闭度为0.9时，舞毒蛾防治指标为86.7头/株；郁闭度为0.8时，舞毒蛾防治指标为94.8头/株。调查了舞毒蛾在东北及内蒙古地区天敌种类及天敌主导因子，共采集到舞毒蛾天敌60种，在内蒙古大兴安岭地区，其优势天敌为寄蝇。采用多种防治措施对舞毒蛾进行了综合防治，在舞毒蛾大发生时，化学药剂作为急救手段，以烟剂为首选，防治效果在74％～84％之间。广泛开展生物防治，利用舞毒蛾NPV防治舞毒蛾幼虫，防治效果达70％以上，且易形成流行病，可起到长期控制的作用；利用Bt防治舞毒蛾效果在80％以上；利用舞毒蛾性引诱剂也能收到一定的效果；首次应用自制的植物性杀虫剂防治舞毒蛾，应用原液防治效果达82.3％，有广阔的应用前景。终将舞毒蛾的种群密度控制在经济允许水平之下。更多还原

【Abstract】 The gypsy motti(Lymantria dispar L.) is a worldwide pest, which has many characteristics, such as wide distribution, mixed food, heavy damage, moving along with wind, long periodicity. In recent years, it’s rampancy has caused very heavy disaster in larch forest(Larix gmelinii Rupr.) of Daxing’anling mountain, Inner Mongolia. The area which is influenced by the gypsy moth is over 70,000 hm2. In order to control the spreading of the gypsy moth and reduce the harm to forest, the biological characteristic and the life history of the gypsy moth were studied. The results show: The gypsy moth reproduce one generation per year in this area, and live through the winter in the state of completing embryo up growth’s larva The age of larva’s one x rvwx three> foia\ five, six, experienced 7d, 14d, 12d> 6d> 8d> lOd, respectively. The time that from the larva’s age of sk to pupating, from pupa to imago eclosion, from imago eclosion to spawning last 7d ,4d and Id, respectively. Also the index of prevention and cure of the gypsy moth in the condition of varied density of forest were studied, when forest density is 0.9, the index of prevention and cure of the gypsy moth is 86.7 per individual plant, while forest density is 0.8, the index is 94.8 per individual plant. Species of the natural enemy and the dominant factor of the natural enemy of the gypsy moth in the northeast of china and the district of Inner Mongolia were investigated, totally sixty species of natural enemies of the gypsy moth among them, the dominant natural enemy is fly. The comprehensive method to prevent and cure the pest were suggested, when the gypsy moth is rampancing, chemical medicament can be used as main way in emergency, how ever the smoke agent is best, it’s effect of prevention and cure is between 74% and 84%. Widely developing biology prevention and cure, using the gypsy moth NPV control the larva of gypsy moth, it’s effect can reach above 70%, and it can easily form epidemic, then it will have the effect of long period’s controlling; using Bt control the gypsy moth, it’s effect can reach above 80%; using the gypsy moth Grplure can also gain certain effect; firstly using self-produced plant insecticide control the gypsy moth, it’s controlling effect of origin liquid can reach 82.3%, and has widely using foreground. The species’ density of the gypsy moth will be controlled under economic permitted level.更多还原