【作者】 潘志娟；

【导师】 王坤余；

【作者基本信息】 四川大学 ， 皮革化学与工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 制革工业每年会产生大量富含胶原的固体废弃物，其中不含铬的胶原废弃物由于成分简单，容易提取高质量的胶原蛋白产品，目前其利用技术已较为成熟。而含铬废弃物中由于胶原与铬以共价键牢固结合，很难将其分离和提纯，目前尚未实现其高值利用。 制约铬革屑高值利用的最主要因素是铬与胶原蛋白的分离效果、所得胶原蛋白的质量和得率。现有提胶方法的缺陷主要在于所提胶原蛋白的铬含量、灰分过高，产品得率过低。针对这些问题，本论文以碱法提胶为研究对象，对影响碱法提胶的主要因素：碱的种类和用量、作用温度、时间、水的用量，进行了深入研究。在此基础上，提出了分段提取高质量胶原蛋白的方法。该法在70～90℃下用MgO作用2～3小时可以提得铬含量低于2mg／kg、灰分低于2％的高质量胶原蛋白产物，产品的得率可达40％以上。该技术具有较大的实用价值。 以制得的优质胶原蛋白替代食用明胶，用壳聚糖作为主要改性材料研制医用创伤敷料。根据膜的使用特性要求，以成膜性能、抗张强度、断裂伸长率、吸水性和透明度等指标对膜进行评价，制备出适用于创伤敷料的胶原蛋白-壳聚糖膜，并对胶原蛋白与壳聚糖的共混性能进行了一系列研究。综合考虑各种因素的影响，论文确定了共混膜的最佳的配方为：胶原蛋白与壳聚糖比例为9：1，增塑剂60％，交联剂20％。 动物实验结果表明，该敷料膜与动物皮肤相容性好，无刺激反应。与常规敷料相比，使用胶原蛋白基敷料的兔子术后伤口无红肿热。在使用两周后，应用胶原蛋白基敷料的伤口已经愈合，伤口表面浅平，四周无硬组织突起，而使用常规敷料的伤口仍结有硬痴，且表面凹凸不平。 实验结果表明，从铬革屑中可以制得各项指标均优良的高质量胶原蛋白产物，用该胶原产物与壳聚糖共混制备创伤敷料可行。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the center of leather industry in the world, large amount of protein-containing leather wastes were generated every year. Due to the characteristics of leather making technology in China, over 70% of those wastes contained chrome. Since the components of chrome-free leather wastes were simple, the recycling technology of them had been promoted fully. To those chrome-containing leather wastes, it was difficult to extract high quality collagen protein from them because of the cross linking of chrome between collagen chains, which result in the wasting of useful collagen protein and chromium resources.The main problems limiting the value-added utilization of chrome shavings were the qualities and the obtain ratio of collagen protein, as well as the separation result of chrome and collagen. The present methods had defects of low obtain ratio, high ash and chrome content. In connection with these problems, the thesis invested the extracting processing with alkali systemically. Based on the results of experiments, a gradually extracting method was designed to get high quality collagen protein from chrome shavings. With this method, the obtained collagen protein had low ash content less than 2%, and chrome content 2 ppm, which can fulfill the requirements for using as edible additive.Based on the investigation of extracting process, a new kind of collagen medical wound dressing was made with the obtained collagen protein. Chitosan was introduced to improve the properties of film. The blending properties of collagen protein and chitosan were discussed in this paper. The result of experiments showedthat when the proportion between collagen protein and chitosan was 9:1, the amount of plasticizer and cross linking agent was 60% and 20% respectively, the properties of film could count to the requirements of using as medical wound dressing.The result of applying on animals showed that the wound dressing had good compatibility with skin, without any stimulating reaction. Compared with traditional wound dressing, no inflammations were found. After two weeks, the wound covered with collagen dressing had healed fully. The surface of wound was uniform and no towers were found in surroundings.Results of the research indicated that it was practicable to extracting high quality collagen protein from chrome shavings, and it was feasible to make medical wound dressing with this kind of collagen protein as main material.更多还原