【作者】 朱圣波；

【导师】 尤民生；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 农业昆虫与害虫防治， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本文初步调查了福州地区黄曲条跳甲的寄主范围，在此基础上，研究了黄曲条跳甲对十字花科常见蔬菜的选择性，分析了黄曲条跳甲寄主选择与蔬菜叶表面蜡质含量和叶片中硫代葡萄糖苷含量之间的关系，初步探讨了黄曲条跳甲寄主选择机理，并对该研究结果在黄曲条跳甲综合治理中的应用进行了讨论。主要结论如下： 黄曲条跳甲的寄主范围主要限于十字花科植物，大白菜、小白菜、萝卜、菜心、芥菜、芥蓝、甘蓝、花菜和塌菜等常见栽培蔬菜均是黄曲条跳甲的自然寄主。初步判断旱金莲是黄曲条跳甲的食料植物。 采用室内取食选择实验和田间调查，研究了黄曲条跳甲对十字花科不同蔬菜的选择性。室内取食选择实验结果表明黄曲条跳甲较为嗜食菜心、芥菜、小白菜、大白菜和萝卜，对芥蓝、甘蓝和花菜的苗期有一定的取食，但取食量较少，而在其生长期则很少取食。田间调查发现在菜心、芥菜、小白菜、大白菜和萝卜上黄曲条跳甲数量较大，芥蓝上数量较少，在甘蓝和花菜上虫量极少。这与室内取食选择实验所得结果基本一致。 对4种蔬菜叶表面蜡质进行了测定，结果表明黄曲条跳甲不喜取食的芥蓝和花菜叶表面蜡质含量较高，分别为1881.3mg／kg鲜重和2446.7mg／kg鲜重；黄曲条跳甲嗜食的菜心和小白菜蜡质含量较低，分别为281.3mg／kg鲜重和258.3mg／kg鲜重。芥蓝、甘蓝和花菜叶片去除蜡质后，导致黄曲条跳甲对其取食量大大增加。结果表明叶表面蜡质是阻碍黄曲条跳甲取食的一个重要因子。 在去除蜡质的基础上，分析了蔬菜硫代葡萄糖苷含量与黄曲条跳甲取食量之间的关系，结果表明黄曲条跳甲寄主选择与硫代葡萄糖苷含量有关，黄曲条跳甲倾向于选择取食硫代葡萄糖苷含量较高的蔬菜。 在此基础上，提出了黄曲条跳甲寄主选择模式，并指出选用和选育蜡质含量较高的蔬菜品种，同时将硫代葡萄糖苷用于田间诱杀可以减轻黄曲条跳甲的为害。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the host range of the striped flea beetle (SFB),Phyllotreta stiolata (Fabricius) in Fuzhou was investigated.The host selection of SFB among common species of Cruciferae was studied. The relationship between host selection of SFB and the amount of epicuticuliar wax and glucosinolate content of vegetables were analyzed to enunciate the mechanism of the host selection of SFB. Based on the research results , advices on controlling this pest were given.It was observed that the host range of SFB was confined to Cruciferae .The cruciferous vegetables cultivated widely in Fuzhou such as Brassica campestris L.ssp.pekinensis Olsson,Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis(L.) Makino var. utilis Tsen. et Lee , Raphanus sativus L., Brassica parachinensis Bailey, Brassica juncea cosson var. foliosa Bailey, Brassica alboglabra Bailey , Brassica oleracea L.var. botrytis L., Brassica oleracea L.var. capitata L.,and Brassica campestris L.ssp.chinensis(L.) Makino v&r.rosularis Tsen. et Lee were host plants of SFB.It was found that SFB can feed on Tropaeolum majus L. (Tropaeolaceae).Laboratory research and field investigation were conducted to study the host selection of SFB among different species of Cruciferae. The results showed that SFB preferred B.campestris ssp.pekinensis,B. campestris ssp.chinensis var. utilis , Raphanus sativus , B. parachinensis and B. juncea , ate less B. alboglabra , B. oleracea var. botrytis and B. oleracea var. capitata . The same result was achieved in the field investigation.The epicuticuliar wax of B. alboglabra , B. oleracea var. botrytis, B. parachinensis and B. campestris ssp.chinensis var. utilis were measured quantitatively. The result showed that the amount of epicuticuliar wax of B.alboglabra and B. oleracea var. botrytis which were feed less by SFB was 1881.3mg/kg fresh weight and 2446.7mg/kg fresh weight respectively and the amount of epicuticuliar wax of B. parachinensis and B. campestris ssp.chinensis var. utilis, two preferable hosts of SFB was 281.3mg/kg fresh weight and 258.3mg/kg fresh weight respectively.Removal of epicuticular wax from the leaves of B. alboglabra , B. oleracea var. botrytis and B. oleracea var. capitata led to dramatic increase of flea beetle feeding. It was concluded that epicuticuliar wax was an important factor that impeded the feeding of SFB.After the epicuticuliar wax of B. alboglabra , B. oleracea var. botrytis and B. oleracea var. capitata was removed,the feeding areas of SFB on different vegetables were measured.The comparison of the feeding areas and the content of the glucosinolate of different vegetables showed that SFB preferred vegetables with high content of glucosinolate.Based on the research results, the possible mechanism of host selection of SFB was put forward and it was suggested that choosing varieties with high amount of the epicuticuliar wax and increasing the epicuticuliar wax of vegetables through conventional breeding or genetic engineering to enhance the plant resistance to SFB would be effective measures in the integrated management program of SFB.更多还原