【作者】 杨振超；

【导师】 邹志荣；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本实验在现代化温室内进行，生菜采用立柱式无土栽培，应用五元二次通用组合设计，对生菜营养液配方中N、P、K、Ca、Mg五种元素的质量浓度进行综合研究，得到生菜产量（Y）与营养液中N、P、K、Ca、Mg五种元素的质量浓度（x₁、x₂、x₃、x₄、x₅）为决策变量的回归模型： Y=106.01839+5.09917x₁+3.64083x₂+4.41583x₃+2.17417x₄-4.45591x₁²-7.51841x₂²-3.60591x₃²-2.23091x₄²-2.90591x₅²-3.47625x₁x₂+3.96125x₁x₄+2.97375x₃x₅ 分析结果表明：a．五个因素对产量的影响各不相同，线性项是x₁>x₃>x₂>x₄>x₅，也就是说各个元素对生菜产量影响大小顺序是：氮>钾>磷>钙>镁。b．经过对模型的解析，分别得到氮与钾、氮与磷的交互效应，氮与钾、氮与磷均在较低水平时交互作用呈正效应，均在较高水平时呈负效应。c．通过计算机模拟寻优，要达到单株产量111.44克，其最佳组合方案，即营养液的最优配方：N、P、K、Ca、Mg五种元素在营养液中的质量浓度分别是285.21mg·L^-1，35.25mg·L^-1，350.06mg·L^-1，228.71 mg·L^-1，66.04mg·L^-1。 在对模型的验证试验中，经过对处理与对照的根系活力、光合呼吸、蒸腾及产量的分析，由模型推出的最佳配方栽培的生菜根系活力、光合强度、蒸腾及产量均高于对照，而由模型推出的较差配方栽培的生菜的根系活力、光合强度、蒸腾及产量均低于对照，证明模型准确可靠。 为了进一步提高无土栽培的管理水平，在试验得出的模型的基础上，以试验模型为主要依据，结合前人的研究成果，尝试开发生菜无土栽培专家系统。采用Browser／Server／Database的3层计算体系，实现了专家系统的网络化运行。该系统具有无土栽培营养液管理模块、温室建造与管理模块、播前准备模块、定植决策模块、定植后管理模块、收获期管理决策模块、病虫害综合防治模块、生理障碍综合防治模块等8个模块。 本专家系统是在试验的基础之上进一步提升，比前人的资料堆砌的专家系统更科学、更可靠，并可为其它园艺作物以至其他农作物专家系统的开发提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 By means of quadratic general rotational design under the conditions of Veroponic Hydroponics.the comprehensive effects of the concentrations of N, P, K, CaandMgon lettuce yield was studied.With the aid of computer,the model demonstrationg the ralationships between yield factor(y) and five element factors the concentrations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg ( xl -X2, X3, X4, xs) were established.The model is as follow:Y=106.01839+5.09917*, +3.64083 X2 +4.41583 X3 +2.17417X4 -4.45591 xf -7.51841 x22 -3.60591 x\ -2.23091 x] -2.90591 x] -3.47625 xl X2 +3.96125 x, *4 +2.97375 X3 X5Analysis result showed that: firstly, the effects of five factors on the yield of lettuce increased by degrees in series of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), Potassium (K.) and nitrogen (N). Secondly, the interaction among five factors existed. The interaction between N and K % N and P were significant;There is significant positive interaction between them in lower level and significant negative interaction between them in higher level. Thirdly,by simulation with computer,to achieve the individual plant yield of 111.44g,the optimal combination of these factors was obtained, that is to say, the application amount of the concentrations of N^ P, K^ Ca and Mg could be 285.21 mg ?/’, 35.25 mg ?L/1, 350.06 mg ?I/1, 228.71 mg ?L’1 and 66.04 mg ?I/1.In the verification experimention with treat AN B> C-. D and CK,the root vigor> photosynthesis> transpiration and yield of the lettuce that planted with the optimal nutrient formula from the model were superior to CK, and it with the baddish nutrient formula from the model was inferior to CK,that prove the model is accuracy and reliability.In order to improve management level of soilless culture, based on the model, the expert system of lettuce soilless culture was designed. The system adopted three layers calculate system of Browser/Server/Database, and could be running in internet. It contain eight module viz. nutrient solution manage, greenhouse biuld and manage, before seeding preparative, field planting, field manage, harvest manage, prevention and cure of the lettuce diseases ang insect pests, prevention and cure of the lettuce physiology obstacle.The system based on the model of examination and more scientific and reliability.But by the limited of time* labour power and found,it require improving and prompting, and now it is only to supply references to biuld other expert system.更多还原