【作者】 王萌硕；

【导师】 吴文华；

【作者基本信息】 西南师范大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 毛泽东是中国社会主义建设的开拓者，他把人生的最后二十几年全部奉献给了探索中国社会主义建设的伟大事业，他在社会主义建设理论和实践方面作出了巨大贡献，为建设有中国特色社会主义理论的诞生奠定了坚实的基础。 开拓者的道路必然极其的曲折，毛泽东在探索中国社会主义建设的征途中，出现了诸多的失误，集中表现在阶级斗争问题，过渡时期问题，社会主义模式问题上的失误，这些失误给中国的社会主义建设带来了严重的挫折。造成毛泽东失误的原因是多面的，他本人不恰当的平等观以及当时国际共产主义运动的影响是不可忽视的重要方面，但对马克思主义小生产理论的错误认识是毛泽东晚年失误的逻辑起点。 探寻历史的原因在于从中吸取教训。只有完整的、科学的理解马克思主义的科学社会主义，正确认识当今资本主义所处的历史时期及其历史作用，完善科学的党内民主制度、决策制度，我们才不会重复毛泽东已经犯过的错误，从而沿着毛泽东开创的正确道路向前迈进。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mao Tse-Tung was a pioneer who led the China people in the incessant efforts to build the Chinese socialism. He devoted his last twenties years’ life to probing into a great undertaking of Chinese socialist construction. He made a great contribution to the socialist construction theory and the practical experience, then laid a solid foundation for the birth of the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.The paths none have explored before must be extremely tortuous. Mao Tse-Tung made several mistakes on the course of probing into the Chinese socialist construction, concentrating on the problem of the class struggle, the transition period and socialist system mode, which made the Chinese socialist construction suffer serious setbacks. So many things accounted for the occurrence of which the most important things were his own inappropriate sense of equality and the international communist movement’s effect at that time. But the erroneous cognition of the Marxist small-scale production theory was a logical starting point of the fault in Mao Tse-Tung’s later period.Searching after the historic cause aims at drawing a lesson. Only do we comprehend the Marxist scientific socialism integrally and scientifically, recognise correctly the historic times of contemporary capitalism and the historical role, and consummate the scientific inner-Party democratic system and policy-making system, We will draw a lesson from past errors so as to prevent Mao Tse-Tung’s recurrence, in order to advance along the correct road initiated by Mao Tse-Tung.更多还原