【作者】 张辉；

【导师】 肖金生；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 轮机工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 渣浆泵是矿山选矿车间重要的机械设备，由于矿浆的冲刷、摩擦和腐蚀的作用，渣桨泵的前后护板、蜗壳和叶轮等过流部件表面受磨损和腐蚀非常严重，短时间内就造成机械效率下降直至完全失效，严重影响着矿山的正常生产。因此，如何提高渣浆泵的耐磨损和使用寿命，现已受到矿山部门和厂家的广泛关注。然而渣浆泵原有的抗磨损方法是将易磨损部件用硬质合金制造，虽然硬质合金具有良好的耐磨性能，但是硬质合金不易加工且成本昂贵，使得用户维修与更换不便；此外硬质合金抗磨损性能和耐腐蚀性并不十分理想。为此本文采用等离子喷涂技术，选用陶瓷金属梯度耐磨涂层，应用于渣浆泵的过流件表面，以减缓矿浆对其表面的冲刷和腐蚀，从而提高其耐磨性和使用寿命。 本文根据渣浆泵的现场工况以及相关资料，在原有试验基础上对陶瓷耐磨材料进行了选择，并根据陶瓷性能测试国家标准设计了试样和试验方案。采用等离子喷涂技术在试样表面制备了耐磨涂层，试样材料是HT200，粘接层采用镍铬铝（NiCr／Al）或镍铬硼硅（NiCrBSi），中间过渡层为碳化钨和镍铬铝以及碳化钨和镍铬硼硅组成，涂层厚度分0．4mm、0．7mm和1．Omm三种。本文运用ANSYS软件，采用死活单元法对离子喷涂的涂层热应力进行了有限元计算，并进行了定性的分析。 耐磨涂层的性能检测和评定是本文工作的重点之一，直接反映了喷涂涂层质量好坏。本文性能试验包括了涂层与基体之间的结合强度、显微分析和硬度，同时利用现有的试验设备进行了近似模拟实际工况的磨损试验。分析试验获得数据，证明了本文所制备的陶瓷／金属梯度涂层的耐磨性优越，为渣浆泵的过流件喷涂以及现场整机耐磨试验奠定了基础。 本文还初步研究了陶瓷／金属梯度耐磨涂层设计系统（CMWRCDS：Ceramic／Metal Gradient Wear-Resistant Coating Design System）的可视化技术应用问题。着重研究了用C⁺⁺ Builder，Fortran，OpenGL进行混合编程来实现陶瓷涂层设计系统可视化设计思路，即采用面向对象、可视化集成开发环境Borland公司的C⁺⁺ Builder5作为软件开发平台，利用其可视化组件库（VCL）设计界面获得参数，由Fortran完成计算功能，使用数据文件和数据库保存各功能模块的计算结果，并利用OpenGL库函数生成等值线、云彩图，增强 摘 要CMWRCDS设计系统的后处理可视化功能，探索了一条能够充分发挥不同语吉的优点，攸系统刀’发更加高效快捷的方法。本文中提到的各种关键技术和方法具有较好的通用性，对其他类似系统的开发具有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Slurry pumps are widely used for mining. Suffering from running liquid, their covering plates, volutes and vanes are easily corroded and worn, and the mechanical efficiency decreases to failure in a short time. Now users and manufactures are paying great attention to improving the pumps’ wear-resistance ability and expending their work life. The conventional method is to apply hard-alloy to wearing parts, but hard-alloy processes difficultly and costs highly, so inconvenient for maintenance and replacement, needless to say that the effects of wear and corrosion resistance is not satisfied. In this thesis, ceramic/metal gradient wear-resistance coatings are sprayed on slurry-suffering surfaces of the pumps, and the wear-resistance ability is obviously improved and work life greatly enlarged.According to the work conditions of the pumps, optimal design of the wear-resistance material is carried out with the help of reference documents in this thesis, which is based on formal experiments. Specimens are designed according to GB standard. Wear-resistance coatings are prepared by plasma spray method. The substrate of the specimens is HT200, with NiCrAl as its combining layer. Transition layer, WC & NiCrAl or NiCrBSi are applied; and work layer is WC correspondingly, with a thickness of 0.4mm, 0.7mm and 1.0mm for each kind of specimen. The thermal stress during spraying is simulated and analyzed by element birth and death method with ANSYS software.Assessing the properties of wear-resistance coatings is also emphasized in this thesis, which directly reflects the qualities of the coatings. Combination between coatings and substrate, micro structures and hardness of the coatings are examined, and wearing test under simulative work conditions are carried out. The results confirm the advantage of the coatings prepared here, and provide a good foundation for further experiment under work condition.Visualization technology of CMWRCDS (Ceramic/Metal Gradient Wear-Resistant Coating Design System) is also studied in this thesis. C++ Builder, Fortran and OpenGL programming languages are integrated; that is,C++ Builder 5 as interface, Fortran for calculation with the parameters derived form C++Builder’ s Visualization Component Library (VCL), and OpenGL for the generation of equivalence lines, contours and cubic curves with the data derived from data files or data-base produced by Fortran and C++ Builder. This method enhances the ability of CMWRCDS’ post process, fully brings into play the merits of each language, and makes system development quicker and more efficient. The technology and methods referred here are common in use, and worthy for the development of other similar systems.更多还原