【作者】 章清杞；

【导师】 杨仁崔；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 以长穗颈不育系协青早eA（1）、协青早eA（2）、龙特浦eA（1）、龙特浦eA（2）、D297eA（1）、D297eA（2）及它们相应的原不育系协青早A、龙特浦A、D297A与高秆隐性恢复系669eR（1）、蜀恢527eR（1）、明恢63eR（1）及其相应的原恢复系R669、蜀恢527、明恢63为材料，组配成一套9组共36个组合的F₁材料。每组的4个杂交稻F₁遗传背景一致，但eui基因型不一致，分别带有eui1、eui2、同时带有eui1、2以及不含eui。比较了这4种不同eui基因型的杂交稻在若干生物学特性和构成产量因素上的差异，结果表明： 1．e-杂交稻同原杂交稻在株叶形态和主要农艺性状上十分相似，但e-杂交稻比原杂交稻在株高、穗长、穗颈长、剑叶长、倒二叶长、倒一节间长6个性状上均有较明显的增加。此外，含eui基因还使杂交稻早生快长，生育期缩短，分蘖力下降，成穗率提高。影响效应以含eui1基因和同时含有eui1、2基因的组合较大，含eui2基因的组合较小，同时含有eui1、2基因的组合表现与含eui1基因的组合相似，其效应依次顺序为eui1≈eui1+eui2＞eui2。含eui基因对杂交稻倒二节及倒二节以下各节间长、倒三叶片长等其它农艺性状影响较小。 2．e-杂交稻在谷粒长、谷粒宽、千粒重和理论产量上比原杂交稻略有增加，有效穗数、结实率和其它穗部性状与原杂交稻相当。 3．含有eui1基因使杂交稻生长期叶面积增大，但后期叶片衰老快，而含eui2基因对杂交稻叶面积的增加作用不显著。e-杂交稻同原杂交稻的比叶重无差异。 4．e-杂交稻干物质生产能力大于原杂交稻，作用强度依次顺序为：euil＞eui1+eui2＞eui2。eui基因对物质输出和转化影响较小。收获指数则以含eui1基因的e-杂交稻为最小。4种不同eui基因型杂交稻的籽粒灌浆过程基本相似。 5．配合力分析表明，18个性状中，有16性状组合间遗传差异达显著或极显著水平，同一亲本不同性状或同一性状不同亲本之间gca表现有较大差异，无明显规律；不同eui基因型杂交稻sca值差异依组合及性状的不同而变化，未表现出规律性。 本文还就e-杂交稻的育种与栽培作了讨论。更多还原

【Abstract】 Six eA lines (CMS lines with eui] and their corresponding A lines (CMS lines without eui], three eR lines (restorer lines with eiu) and their corresponding non-eui R lines, were used to make 36 crosses, which can be grouped into 4 types of hybrids: hybrids with euil, hybrids with euf2, hybrids with both of euil and euI2, as well as hybrids without any eui. Biological characters and yield components were analyzed in these four types of hybrids. The main results were as following:1. e(eui)-hybrids had similar performance in plant type and other major agronomic traits with corresponding original ones, but compared to the corresponding hybrids without eui, e-hybrids showed a little increase in plant height and slightly increase the length of panicle, the length of panicle base exserting out of leaf sheath, the length of flag leaf, second leaf and first internode. e-hybrids headed 1.1-1.6 days early, a little decreased number of tillers and increased percentage of effective panicles per plant. The genetic effect of eui gene were: euil ~ euil + eui 2 >euI2. There showed no significant differences in third leaf, second internode and other internodes.2. Compared to those of hybrids without eui, there was a little increase in grain length, grain width, 1000-grain weight and theory yield of e-hybrids. The number of effective panicles per plant, seed set per hill and other panicles characters were no differences between e-hybrids and non-eui-hybrids.3. e-hybrids with euil and e-hybrids with both of euil and euI2 have showed larger leaves area and a quicker leaves senescence compared to hybrids without eui. There were no significant differences in leaves area between e-hybrid with euI2 and hybrids without eui. There were no significant differences in specific leaves weight between e-hybrid and non-eu> hybrid.4. e-hybrids have higher dry matter productivity compared to corresponding non-eui-hybrids, and the different types of eui genehave different effects: euil> ewl + eui2> eui2. Grain filling characteristic, dry matter exportation and transformation have no significant difference between e-hybrids and corresponding hybrids without eui. Hybrids with euil had a minor harvest index. 5. Analysis of combining ability indicated that genetic differences were significant at 5% or 1% level in sixteen of eighteen traits. There were wide differences in gca among different traits of the same parents or the same traits of the different parents. Sea didn’ t have regular pattern among different types of hybrid.e-hybrid rice breeding and culture was also discussed in this paper.更多还原