微型涡流管性能研究

【作者】 胡洪涛；

【导师】 黄钟岳；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 动力机械及工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 涡流管制冷是利用一定压力气体作为工质经过涡流管产生分离效应，使气流分离成冷热两个部分，其中的冷气流可用来制冷。 本文以微型涡流管为研究对象，阐述了空气以及湿空气制冷特性，并且介绍了混合工质制冷循环。对于本文设计的涡流管，研究了不同冷气流率时涡流管的能量分离特性，并且绘制了性能曲线。为了提高微型涡流管的制冷效率，提出了涡流管热端加湿制冷系统，通过对热端气体加湿降温，获得低于环境温度的气体，同冷端气体一起制冷。实验表明，在冷流率小的情况下，通过加湿可以使得绝热效率得到显著的提高，最好可以提高30％。为了在实际中进行应用，本文还给出了微型涡流管制冷器的基本流程，并且进行了热力计算。最后，同工厂合作研制开发了汽车微型涡流管空调器，应用它对原汽车刹车系统不需做大的改动，就可对驾驶室环境条件有较大改善。由于改造时设备添置很小，改装成本低，应该有应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Vortex tube utilizes certain pressure gas as working medium producing the effect of separating, which makes the gas separating into cold and hot parts. The cold gas among them can be used refrigeration.This thesis regards micro-vortex-tube as the research object, explaining the refrigeration characteristics of air and humid air, and introducing the mixing working medium refrigerating cycle. The performance of energy separation on the vortex tube designed by the author is studied at different cold mass flow ratios, and the characteristic curve has been drawn. In order to improve the refrigerating efficiency of the micro-vortex-tube, we have proposed a cooling system of a micro-vortex-tube with humidifying at the hot end. The hot gas temperature is lower than the gas of environmental temperature through humidifying the hot gas in the hot end. So hot gas can refrigerate with the cold gas together. The experimental results show that adiabatic efficiency has a remarkable improvement in low cold mass flow ratios, adiabatic efficiency can improve by 30% in the best condition. In order to apply in reality, this thesis has also given out the basic procedure of the micro-vortex-tube refrigeration device, and has carried on heating calculation. At last, we develop the micro-vortex-tube conditioner of the automobile through the cooperation with the factory. There is relatively great improvement to the environmental condition of driver’s cabin, only little changing in the air braking system of the automobile. Because the equipment acquired at the time of the reform is very little and it is with low costs to repack, there should be the prospect of using.更多还原