【作者】 李波；

【导师】 张光辉；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 结构工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 现有的高速公路防撞护栏的适用范围总有某些局限性。近几年，伴随着新材料、新工艺的出现以及交通运输事业对高速公路安全性要求的提高，改进公路护栏安全性能和设计新型护栏已成为该领域的一个重要课题。文章概括总结了国内外在高速公路防撞护栏领域的研究成果，在吸收已有的有益经验的基础上，对高速公路复合材料防撞护栏的设计方法进行了的研究。 (1)提出复合材料护栏碰撞过程中的变结构的设计思想。充分利用大硬度树脂在碰撞过程中的破碎来吸收碰撞能量，使其在碰撞初期积蓄的应变能以材料发生本质性破坏的形式释放出来，而不象其它材料以恢复变形的形式释放。这样，保证失控车辆在碰撞后不会变道，避免给后面车辆造成危险。树脂破碎之后，结构形式由原来的梁变成索。依靠纵向纤维受拉来拦阻车辆，保证失控车辆不会冲出路外； (2)提出了汽车冲撞复合材料护栏的冲击力动力计算方法。护栏在碰撞过程中，出现了新的特点：不尽结构形式而且结构刚度都发生了变化，而这导致了计算方法也要发生变化。 (3)应用有限元方法分析了防撞扩栏的受力性能。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are always some limits on the use of the present guardrail of highway. In recent years, with the emergence of new materials and technology and the increasing requirement of highway transportation safety, the improvement of highway guardrail and designing new types of guardrail have become one of the most important subjects in this area. In this paper, the international and domestic achievements of the guardrail of highway are summarized. Based on the present useful experiences,a method of designing the composite materials guardrail of highway is studied.A designing idea of structural transformation during the collision is put forward. We can make full use of the ability of absorbing energy when the high hardness resin is smashed into pieces, thus the strain energy accumulated during the earlier stage of the collision is sent out in the way of material essential failure, instead of the recovery of deformation as the other materials do. Then we can make sure that the vehicle out of control cannot affect the following vehicles. After the failure of the resin, the structure changes from beam to cable. With the fiber, we can ensure that the vehicle cannot rush out.Furthermore, a computing method of the impact force acting on the guardrail is proposed. There is a new feature during the collision that not only the form of the structure but also the stiffness is altered, which make the calculation of the impact force must also be changed.The property of composite materials guardrail is analyzed with the Finite Element Method (FEM).更多还原