【作者】 罗剑波；

【导师】 姜伟；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 高频疲劳试验机属于金属材料试验机，是一种主要用于测定金属及其合金材料在室温状态下的拉伸、压缩或拉、压交变负荷的疲劳性能试验的机器。而高频疲劳试验机控制器则是用来控制试验机按用户意图进行工作，充当了用户与试验机之间的桥梁。本论文即是以高频疲劳试验机为对象，利用现代控制理论、微机技术以及以FPGA为代表的微电子技术对目前的试验机控制器进行了改进。FPGA，即现场可编程门阵列，是一种近期出现的可编程ASIC器件。由于FPGA可以现场可编程，可以实现专用集成电路，能满足片上系统设计(SOC)的要求，使其日益成为系统的关键部件。本论文对FPGA在本系统控制器中的应用进行了研究，并研制了一种全新的基于FPGA技术之上的控制器。 第一章阐述了高频疲劳试验机及其控制器国内外发展概况，并简述了论文的选题意义以及研究内容。 第二章首先介绍了系统控制器主要硬件电路设计所采用的方法，即利用HDL(硬件描述语言)的硬件设计方法，其最大的特征是电路设计采用自上至下(Top Down)的设计方法。该方法能最大程度的提高设计效率，降低设计成本。本论文中的FPGA芯片即是以此作为设计方法的。 第三章首先介绍了模糊控制理论及技术，并分析了模糊控制技术以及常规PID的优缺点。在此基础上提出了本论文所采用的控制算法，即模糊自整定PID参数控制算法。该算法综合了上述两种方法的优点。该章最后具体设计了采用该算法的控制器，并提出了实现方案。该方案使系统实时性以及资源占用得到最大平衡。 第四章具体设计了控制算法中的PID参数模糊推理器。该模糊推理器利用FPGA来实现。用户只需通过总线传送数据至推理器，就能实时得到适合于该时的PID参数，很好的提高了控制效果。该章最后给出了模糊推理器的仿真结果。 第五章详细设计了正弦波发生器及波形幅值调节电路。本论文将正弦波发生器以及波形幅值调节的实现用一片FPGA来实现，减少了控制器体积，同时也提高了控制精度。该章最后部分给出了以上电路的仿真结果，验证了电路功能以及时序的正确性。 第六章设计了除以上电路之外的其它电路，包括各种检测电路、电机调速电路、FPGA配置电路以及主控制器电路。这些电路也是整个控制器正常工作所必需的。该章的最后部分给出了控制器的软件框图。 第七章对本论文所作的研究工作进行了简要的总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 One of metal material testers is highfrequency fatigue tester, which tests the fatigue performance of drawing , compressing of metal material and its alloy in room temperature condition .The controller of highfrequency fatigue is used to control the highfrequency fatigue tester according to the intention of users, and it acts as a link of tester and user. In this thesis , a new control has been developed based on microelectronics technology of the age ,by improving on existent controllers using modern controlling theories, microcomputer technology , microelectronics technology ,and the object of this controller is highfrequency fatigue tester.In chapter 1 , highfreqency fatigue tester , and a survey of progressing of its controller home and abroad , has been discussed firstly. Then the subject and the contents of the thesis are put forward.In chapter 2 , the method of designing hardware circuits of system controller, a method of designing circuits using HDL( Hardware Description Language ) , has been presented . The main characteristic of this method is to design circuits in the form of top to down , which can improve the designing efficiency to a great extent, and which can decrease the cost of designing . Based on this , the realization of system circuits has been discussed in the thesis .In chapter 3 , theories and technologies of fuzzy logic control have been presented firstly , and then the merits and shortcomings of fuzzy logic control and common PID control . Based on these , the method of control used in the thesis , a method of reasoning parameters PID fuzzily, has been introduced . The method possesses the merits of ones above. In the end , the controller has been designed in great detail using the method , and the scheme of hardware realization ,which can balance real time and resource consuming to the greatest extent, has been presented .In chapter 4 , a sine wave generator and modulating circuits of wave magnitude have been designed in great detail , which are realized using FPGA technology . In the end , the simulation result of circuits as above , which is to check the functions and time of circuits , is showed .In chapter 5 , a controller of reasoning parameter PID fuzzily has been designed using FPGA technology . User can achieve parameters PID in real time by transmitting data to the machine through bus , and get a good result of control. In the end, the simulation result is provided .In chapter 6 , the rest of circuits of controller have been designed , includingvarious measuring circuits , speed regulating circuits , FPGA configuring circuits , microcontroller circuits . These circuits above are essential for the entire controller to work smoothly . In the end of this chapter, program flow diagram of the controller is provided.In chapter 7 , a brief summary on the contents above is provided .更多还原