曹操公文研究

【作者】 顾震；

【导师】 丁晓昌；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 文艺学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 曹操是汉末著名的政治家、军事家和文学家。由于曹操诗人政治家的特殊身份，他的作品中除了乐府歌辞以外还有大量的公文，其中有不少官样文章和外交辞令，但也不乏一些个性鲜明、清新活泼的散文。鲁迅说曹操的文章清峻、通脱，自具特色，称其为“改造文章的祖师”也是就此类具有思想价值和艺术特色的作品而言的。 本文首先通过对曹操公文的文本分析，将曹操公文的艺术特点归纳为：一、尚用、尚实、目的性强，二、诗文互现、功能重叠，三、文笔不分、形象性强。其次，本文试图结合当时的政治军事形势，透过曹操公文的表层涵义发现和挖掘其隐藏在公文中的政治思想和深层目的，归纳出：一、在子嗣的问题上举棋不定、委婉示意，二、反对宦官专权，重实权轻虚名，与皇权既妥协又斗争，三、重视人才的实用价值，不拘一格使用人才，四、通脱尚用，儒、墨、道、法皆为所用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cao Cao is a renowned statesman, strategist and writer in late Han Dynasty. As a statesman, many of Cao Cao’s works were official documents except yuefu poems he wrote as a poet. In these official documents, officialese and diplomatic languages can be found, but more importantly, some of them are prose with distinctive characteristics and fresh and lively style. These pieces are of high value for its depth of thought and literary attainment. According to Lu Xun, Cao Cao’s writings are unique for its simplicity and unrestrainedness, and these pieces had also won Cao Cao the title of "the pioneer for reforming the literature" from Lu Xun.Through the analysis to the text of the official documents by Cao Cao, the author summarized the literature features of such documents as the following: (A) paying priority to facts and the function of the documents, which enables the files to serve their purpose well; (B) combining poetry and prose in the same piece, which has the effects of both styles; (C) integrating literature into practical writings, which remarkably touches up the files.Furthermore, the author tried to bring to light the true political significance of the official documents underneath the text. The conclusion is that (A) Cao Cao was not resolute on the issue of the successors of himself and the Cao-Wei Empire, therefore, he hinted about this with euphemisms on different occasions . (B) Cao Cao objected the eunuchs’ domination of political power in the court. But since he preferred real power over false title, so he sought co-operation with the imperial authority and fought for his own interests at the same time. (C) Cao Cao valued the ability and sagacity of talents, so he trusted them regardless of their original positions. (D) Cao Cao was free in quoting from different schools of thought in his works as long as they matched well with his intention. Confucius, Mohist, Taoist and Legalist Schools all had their positions in his works.更多还原