光度法在儿茶酚胺类物质中的研究及应用

【作者】 孙悦；

【导师】 王怀友；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 分析化学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 分析化学发展方向是高灵敏度（达原子级、分子级水平）、高选择性（复杂体系）、快速、自动、简便、经济、分析仪器自动化、数字化和计算机化并向智能化、信息化纵深发展。探索新的显色试剂、离子和分子识别试剂、人工模拟酶和增效试剂，改造原有试剂的分子结构、进行功能团修饰以及研究新的反应体系，优化反应条件和控制反应速度等，力求进一步改善反应的分析性能，简化操作步骤。这是光度分析的基础，目前最活跃的研究领域，也是最基础的研究工作。 本文主要以提高灵敏度和选择性为目的，结合光度分析自身的特点，在寻找有效的增敏试剂和建立灵敏简便的反应体系方面展开了一系列的研究工作。 利用分光光度法和荧光光度法研究了多巴胺的酸碱性质，探讨了多巴胺在碱性溶液中的反应机理，实验了多种有机溶剂对多巴胺荧光光谱的影响，从相关氢键理论和溶液极性方面解释了影响的原因，并利用一定量甲醇溶液对多巴胺荧光强度良好的增敏效果，建立了灵敏、简便的荧光分析法，成功用于多巴胺注射液和尿液中多巴胺的测定。 多巴胺与亚硝酸钠在沸水浴中加热后的产物在300nm有强的吸收，多巴胺与硝酸汞在90℃水浴中加热后的产物在240nm有强的吸收，基于以上两反应，建立了灵敏简便的分光光度法，成功用于多巴胺注射液中多巴胺的测定。 多巴胺与乙二胺在硝酸汞作用下缩合，其缩合产物在酸性条件下，沸水浴加热后得到具有强荧光的稳定产物，该产物的荧光强度与多巴胺的浓度在0～0.6μgml^-1范围内成线性，以此建立了测定多巴胺的荧光光度分析法。该法不受肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素的干扰，选择性好，检测限低，达18.3ngml^-1，用于多巴胺注射液和尿液中多巴胺的测定，均获得满意结果。 根据盐酸普鲁卡因在pH12条件下发生水解的产物对氨基苯甲酸的荧光性质，用荧光分光光度法测定注射液中的盐酸普鲁卡因。更多还原

【Abstract】 To develop those methods that are rapid, automatic, simple, economic and with high sensitivity (atom or molecule grade), high selectivity (complex system) is the direction of analytical chemistry. Analytical instrument is more and more automatized, digital applied, intelligentized, and contacted with information. It is still the basement of spectroscopic analysis to explore new color development reagent, recognition reagent for ion or molecule.artificial simulation eazyme, and enhancement reagent. To reconstruct the original molecule structure, modify the function group, develop new reaction system, optimize reaction condition, and control reaction speed, that is to say, to improve the analytical ability of the reaction and simplify the procedure, is also the most active study area, the most basal work.According to the above objections, we developed a set of researchers in the two aspects, which are to find effective enhancement reagent and to develop simple and sensitive detection methods.The property of dopamine in acid-alkaline medium was studied by spectrofluorimetry and spectrophotometry. A fluorescence quenching reaction took place in basic medium. Mechanism of fluorescence quenching was discussed. Effects of organic solvents on dopamine fluorescence spectra were examined and the reason was discussed. Among the organic solvents tested, methanol was selected as sensitizing reagent. A simple, rapid and highly sensitive fluorimetric method for the determination of dopamine in injection and urine is developed.Based on the reaction of dopamine with sodium nitrite in aqueous medium, in which product has a maximum absorption at 300 nm. and the reaction of dopamine with mercuric nitrate in aqueous medium, in which product has a maximum absorption at 240 nm, two simple and accurate spectrophotometric methods were described for the determination of dopamine.Dopamine was oxidized by mercuric nitrate, the oxidation product condensed with ethylenediamine to form a condensation product, which was transformed to a stable reagent after heating for 10 min at an acidic medium in a boiling water bath and the final product emitted high fluorescence. Under optimum condition, a linear relationship was obtained between the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of dopamine in the range of 0 to 0.6 Mgrn.!"1. The detection limit of this method is 18.3 ngml"1. The method is simple and can be used for the determination of dopamine in injection of dopamine and urine sample. The results obtained by this method agree with those by the official method.Use of fluorescence spectrophotometry for determination of procaine hydrochloride in injection solution of procaine hydrochloride is suggested based on fluorescence property of 4-aminobenzoate which is a hydrolysis product of the procaine hydrochloride in pH 12.更多还原