【作者】 于霞；

【导师】 李玉江；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 人文地理学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国城市化进入加速发展时期，城市体系问题日益引起人们的广泛关注，而对其研究也日益增多。相对而言，在城市体系研究中，职能体系研究相对滞后，对省域城市职能体系的研究更为薄弱。本论文主要是从地理学角度，运用定性和定量相结合的方法，着重考察分析山东省城市职能结构的基本现状、类型划分以及调整优化对策。 不同城市受其发展历史、自然环境、区位条件等因素的影响，具有不同的社会、政治、经济、文化职能组合，从而形成一定地域范围内的城市职能体系。在一个地域城市体系中，各城市职能不再仅仅是反映各城市本身在国家或地区的政治、经济、文化中所具有的地位及担负的作用，而是通过各城市职能的有机组合，共同构成具有一定特色的地域综合体。城市职能分类则是以一个国家或区域为尺度，按照各个城市在经济、政治、文化等方面所起的作用，将它们分成若干类型。 如何构建山东21世纪城市体系职能结构，充分发挥城市在现代化建设中的作用，是新世纪面临的一项十分紧迫的任务。本论文写作的主要目的就是在对城市体系的职能结构现状进行分析的基础上，探讨山东省城市体系职能结构分类的定量分析方法，从而建立起山东省城市职能结构的体系框架，并针对城市职能结构存在的问题提出优化措施。 本论文共分四部分： 第一部分为引言，着重对城市职能结构的国内外研究现状及发展历程进行了简要评述。随着人们对城市认识的日益加深，各种统计资料的日益完善，分析方法的进步以及计算机的应用，城市职能分类经历了一个由定性描述向定量分析转变的过程，而定量分析又经历了由运用一种指标到运用多指标、多变量分析的过程。 第二部分从自主性原动力、再生性推动力和外在性制动力三个角度分析了城市职能结构形成动力机制。城市职能结构的形成与发展不仅受城市既有基础的影响，而且受其外部空间的制约。尤其在市场经济前提下，城市发展的外部空间对城市职能结构内涵的合理组织与发展的影响作用更直接、更强大。城市发展的外部空间是指城市发展外部一切与之相关的因素集合，主要包括自然的、社会的、经济的等因素。本部分分析的三个作用力中，自主性原动力是指影响城市职能结构形成的经常的、必要的原有基础性动力，主要包括自然因素作用力等。再生性推动力是指后天形成的、变动性强的影响城市职能结构的作用力，如人口和劳动力、基础设施、生产技术等等。外在性制动力是指推动或限制城市职能结构优化的人为作用力，主要包括政治体制、经济体制、城市发展政策等等。 第三部分是论文的主体部分，分别从地级和县级城市两个层面运用多种分类方法，划分出城市职能结构类型，并且对各种类型的特征进行了探讨。在利用现有数据的基础上，本部分主要采用了标准差法、专门化指数法和经济基础法三种国际上通用的分类方法，进行了较详细的分类。在尽量弥补各类方法存在不足的同时，得出了最终分类结果。 第四部分主要是针对山东省城市职能结构存在的问题以及城市职能结构发展的趋势，提出了相关忧化调整措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of urbanization in China, the study about urban system is gradually improving. As one of the strongest provinces in economy, the study about Shandong is increasing. However, the study about urban function which is one aspect of the urban system is lacked, particularly about each province. Combined the methods of qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis, basic status, forming problems were studied, and the measures of adjust and optimization were put forward to make the strategy of Shandong cities, from the angle of geography.Different cities have different combination of social political, economic, and cultural function under the effect of different developing history, natural environment and position. As we all know, each city has his respective function. In a certain urban system, each city’s function reflects not only the position and the role in the field of politics, economy and culture, but also consists a synthetic entirety with a certain characteristic by the organic combination of each urban function.The classification of urban function is divided cities into different types in a certain region or nation area, according to each city’s role in the aspects of economy, politics and culture.How to construct urban functional structure of Shandong Province in the 21st century, and play the role of city completely in modernization is an urgent task. The intent of this paper is to adjust and optimize scientifically the functional structure classification of Shandong urban system by quantitative analysis on the basis of the current situation of the urban functional structure. Eventually, to establish the frame of urban functional structuresystem and to put forward the measures of adjust and optimization in order to solve the existed problems.The paper is divided into four chapters. In the first section, the author introduces the current study about the urban functional structure in detail. And introduces the research background and current situation about urban function structure at home and abroad. Several representative classification methods are put forth in this paper. With the deepening of understanding to city, the improvement of various statistical data, the progress of analytical method and the application of computer, the classification of urban function is undergoing a change from qualitative description to quantitative analysis. Afterward, the method of quantitative analysis experiences the changes from applying one index to many indexes and variables.In the second section of this paper, the author analyses the forming mechanism of the urban function structure from the independent native power x regenerate motive force and extrinsic braking force three angles. The forming and development of urban functional structure is subjected to not only the intrinsic foundation but also the restraint from outer space. The outer space of urban development is a combination of interrelated factors which exist the out of urban development, including natural, social, economical factors and so on. Three forces are referred in this paper. Firstly, independent native force refers to the force which affects the forming of urban functional structure constantly and indispensably. Natural force is analyzed in this part. Secondly, regenerate motive force refers to the force which is post-naturally formed and strongly alterative. Such as the technology, the population and force, and so on. Thirdly, the extrinsic braking force is the artificial force which promotes or restricts the optimization of urban functional structure , including political system, economical system, policy of urban development and so on. The third section of this paper is the key part. The author applies many methods ofIVclassification from the point of area-hierarchy cities and town - hierarchy cities individually, and obtains the classification about urban functional structure. Afterward, he author analysis the characteristic of various types in detail. Three methods of classification are intr更多还原