【作者】 张琦；

【导师】 张林栋；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 化学工艺， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本文重点对不同方法活化及造粒的海泡石对氨氮的吸附性能作了探讨。主要研究内容包括：海泡石的提纯、活化、改性、造粒以及吸附性能的表征。 在海泡石提纯过程中，对原矿粉碎过筛初步除杂后，再经含有分散剂的水溶液对纤维束进行解离，进一步除去伴生矿，即可得到纯化海泡石。因未经活化的海泡石其实际比表面积要比文献值小得多，为了达到良好的使用效果，必须对海泡石进行活化处理。 本文分别对双氧水氧化、水热活化、硝酸及盐酸的酸活化以及氯化钠改性处理后的海泡石吸附性能进行了探讨。结果表明双氧水氧化前后吸附量无明显变化，而水热处理海泡石其吸附性有明显增加，且进一步用酸活化时同未经水热处理的海泡石相比时间较短，酸度较低。试验证明，硝酸活化产物吸附效果不如盐酸，且经酸活化后的海泡石用氯化钠改性后，在碱性条件下其吸附效果有明显的提高。 因为海泡石过滤性能不好，为提高其使用价值，对海泡石进行了造粒研究。研究中分别采用有机粘合剂聚乙烯醇和丙烯酸树脂，无机粘合剂粘土和膨润土以及发泡剂碳酸氢钠。结果表明，使用有机粘合剂吸附效果欠佳，而无机粘合剂中使用膨润土效果为佳。 研究中对造粒后的海泡石用中断接触法判定了其吸附过程中的控制机理为内扩散控制，并用浅床法讨论了不同条件下的总传质系数与分离因子之间的关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study , activated sepiolite get by different active method and the sorbent made by it is used to study the adsorptive capability for ammonia- nitrogen. The main contents includes the method of purify , activation , modify , prilling for sepiolite , and as a main point ,the adsorption characterization also is studied .To get the purified sepiolite the following method can be used . First , large numbers impurity is get rid of by siftted out from the original mine of sepiolite ,then to get rid of remainder impurities by separated the fasciculus in the dispersant solution . However , the actual specific surface of the not activated sepiolite is very less then its theoretic specific surface . So , to get the best capability , the sepiolite must be activated .To get activated sepiolite , different method is taken into account , such as to oxidize by hydrogen peroxide , treat by hydro-thermal method , activate by solution of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid and modify by sodium chloride. As a result , the adsorption capability of sepiolite getting by the first method hardly has no difference , that of sepiolite getting by the second method has a obviously increase , moreover as it is to further activate by sour , comparing to the just purified sepiolite ,the time is shorter, and the acidity is lower , and the adsorbability of sepiolite get by the third way show that the activated sepiolite treat by is better then that get by nitric acid And it is found that under the alkaline system the adsorbability of the sepiolite witch modified by sodium chloride is even better .For the filter function of sepiolite is not ideal , to improve the practicability , the method for making sorbent granule with it is studied . During this study , organic (crylic acid ester , poly vinyl alcohol) , inorganic bond ( clay , bentonite ) and vesicant (sodium bicarbonate ) is considered . And the result indicate that the adsorbability of the sorbent made by organic bond is not ideal compared with that made of inorganic bond , further more , comparing the tow kind of inorganic bond , adsorbability of that made of bentonite is the better .Furthermore , in this study , with the sorbent made of sepiolite , the control mechanism during the progress of adsorption is judged by the broken phase contactmethod and the relationship between separation factor and total mass transfer coefficient is discussed by data get by shallow-bed method .更多还原