【作者】 杨少辉；

【导师】 张丽娟； 马峙英；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 作物遗传育种， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究用RAPD分析技术对河北省大豆地方品种和育成品种90份材料，进行了分析；并用生物数学方法对结果进行了统计；初步对河北省大豆种质资源进行了分子水平的评价。旨在用RAPD指纹图谱对大豆种质进行鉴定，在了解河北省大豆品种的群体遗传关系基础上，提出大豆的种下划分系统方法，并尝试河北省大豆核心种质的构建。主要结果如下： 1．探索出一种用大豆子种子提取DNA的方法，用于种子直接提取DNA不仅能节约时间，而且能获得较好的RAPD分析结果。 2．建立了适合大豆种质RAPD分析的技术体系；并用该体系从84个10-核苷酸随机引物中筛选出46个多态性良好的引物；用其中的30个引物对90份大豆供试材料进行了正式扩增，共扩增出209条DNA带，其中，多态性DNA带159条，占76.08％，得到了30张各自不同的90个大豆品种的RAPD指纹图谱；同时，得到了同一品种不同引物的指纹图谱。 3．对90个河北省大豆品种的RAPD指纹图谱进行了数量分类研究，从分子水平上，探讨了90份河北省地方品种和育成品种的亲缘关系。聚类结果表明，育成品种单独聚为一类，与地方品种的遗传距离较远，说明育成品种与地方品种的亲缘关系较远；而且所有材料的聚类结果与材料的地理来源十分吻合。 4．从分子水平上，初步进行了河北省大豆品种核心种质构建方法的研究，根据RAPD扩增和生物数学统计的结果，首次确定河北省大豆品种的32份核心种质，为进一步构建大豆品种的核心种质提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 90 materials of Hebei province soybean including 83 local cultivars and 7 breed cultivars were studied using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) and numerical taxonomy method. The aim of this study was identifying Hebei province soybean cultivars by RAPD pattern, putting forward the taxonomy system of soybean cultivars based on knowing the genetic relationships of Hebei province soybean groups, and trying to establish core collection. The main results were as follows:1. A extraction method from dry soybean seed for genetic DNA isolation of soybean was set up. The extraction from dry seed not only can save many times but also can cut down expenses, in addition, the RAPD analysis results were fairly good.2. RAPD analysis technical system for soybean was established by studying different factors that might affect RAPD results. 46 primers were selected to be highly polymorphic primers from 84 arbitrary 10-mer primers. 30 primers were used in RAPD analysis of 90 materials, and a total of 209 DNA bands were amplified, among which 159 (76.08%) were polymorphic. Different RAPD patterns of 90 soybean materials had obtained with different primers. At the same time, Different RAPD patterns of one primer had obtained with different soybean materials.3. The numerical taxonomy of 90 Hebei soybean materials was studied by clustering analysis of RAPD. The relationships of Hebei province localcultivars and breed cultivars were discussed. The cluster analysis indicated that breed cultivars clustered together and the genetic distances between them and local cultivars were longest. The cluster results of all the materials coincided with geographic origin.4. The method of establishing Hebei province soybean core collection was studied preliminarily at molecular level. Based on the genetic relationships of 90 Hebei province soybean materials, the core collection containing 32 basic cultivars had been established for the first time. A model to establish soybean core collection had been put forward.更多还原