【作者】 照日格图；

【导师】 敖长金；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验以北京地区土种羊为试验动物，对母羊初乳成分的动态变化规律和自然哺乳条件下被动免疫转移情况对羔羊28日龄前健康状况和生长性能的影响进行研究的同时，从废弃新鲜羊血液中提取的外源羊IgG作为主要成分配制出了羔羊人工初乳，并通过饲养试验筛选出了人工初乳中外源羊IgG的最佳添加量。试验结果表明： 1)绵羊初乳中干物质、蛋白质、脂肪含量均高于常乳，并随泌乳期的延长呈下降趋势，乳糖含量则低于常乳，并随泌乳期的延长呈上升趋势，三天后以上四种成分变化趋均于平稳。 2)绵羊初乳中Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn和Ins．含量均高于常乳，其中Mg、Cu、Zn、和Ins．随泌乳期的延长呈下降趋势，而Ca、Fe、Mn随泌乳期的延长呈先下降后上升趋势。 3)羔羊出生时血清中IgG含量少于1 mg／ml。在自然哺乳条件下，羔羊出生后24小时血清中IgG含量达到峰值(78.64mg／ml)，之后缓慢下降，到出生后第21天下降到最低水平(24.92mg／ml)，然后呈上升趋势，到出生后28天达27.29mg／ml，说明出生第21后主动免疫开始产生。 4)给羔羊饲喂含有外源羊IgG的人工初乳后，其血清中IgG含量的消长规律与自然哺乳条件相似，但峰值出现时间提前到出生后12小时，表明新生羔羊能有效地吸收人工初乳中的外源羊IgG，并且吸收量与其饲喂量呈正相关。 5)同一剂量的外源羊IgG一次性饲喂和分两次饲喂其吸收率不同，前者高于后者。而且人工初乳中外源羊IgG的添加量低于10克时，羔羊自身合成IgG的能力提前到第7天；当添加量超过10克时羔羊主动免疫产生的时间与自然哺乳的情况类似。 6)在本试验条件下，人工初乳中一次性添加10克外源羊IgG效果最好，但从经济效益角度考虑，一次性添加3克外源羊IgG能够给新生羔羊提供理想的被动免疫保护，并能得到较好的生产效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, by using Bei jing local breed ewe as experimental animal, the fluctuation of the contents of ewe colostrum components and the effect of lamb passively acquired immunity on its health and performance was investigated. At the same time, in order to optimize the amount of SIgG which had been extracted from abandoned pooled fresh blood supplemented in artificial colostrum replacement product which could benefit the colostrums free neonatal lamb, Bei jing local breed ewes were reared .The results were as follows:1) The contents of DM - Protein and fat in colostrum at each sampling time postpartum were higher than those of milk respectively , but tended to decline with the advancement of lactation. The content of lactose in colostrums sampled at the corresponding time was lower than that of milk, but tended to increase with the advancement of lactation.2) The contents of some macro and micro elements in colostrums ,such as Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn , were all higher than those of the milk . with the advancement of lactation , Mg, Cu and Zn contents tended to decline while Ca, Fe and Mn contents tended to firstly decrease then increase.3) On spontaneously sucking condition, the content of neonatal lamb serum IgG fluctuated. At 0 hour postpartum lamb serum IgG content was lower than 1 mg/ml, and at 24th hour postpartum the content reached its peak value (78.64 mg/ml) which then slightly decreased to 24.92 mg/ml at 21st day postpartum and at 28th day postpartum the content was 27.29 mg/ml. the above results indicated that the lamb could produce active immunity at 21st day postpartum.4) After fed colostrums free neonatal lamb with the artificial colostrums replacement product contained exogenous IgG , the fluctuation of its serum IgG content was similar to that of lamb on spontaneously sucking condition with the exception of the peak value which arose at 12 hour postpartum, which indicated that the neonatal lamb could absorb the exogenous IgG efficiently from the artificial colostrum replacement product and the amount of IgG absorbed was positivelyrelated to that of IgG fed.5) The absorption rate of exogenous IgG one time consumed was higher than that of the same amount of IgG once half consumed with two times. If the amount of exogenous IgG in the artificial colostrum was lower than lOg, the lamb would produce IgG by itself at 7th day postpartum, and if the amount supplemented exceeded lOg, the active immunity the lamb produced would be similar to that of the lamb on spontaneous condition .6) In this study, it was the best to once add lOg exogenous IgG to the artificial colostrum ,but ,in view of profit,adding 3g exogenous IgG could both provide the lamb the optimal passively acquired immunity and get better lamb performance.更多还原