【作者】 郭丽华；

【导师】 虞达文；

【作者基本信息】 广西大学 ， 新闻学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 典型报道，即对一定时期内产生的同类事物中最突出或最具有代表性的事物进行报道，它是我国新闻媒体的一个传统。可是现在，典型报道特别是典型人物报道已经走入了一个困境。本文试图改变以传者为中心的报道传统，而以受众的视角来审视典型人物报道并寻找其出路。 本文从驳斥“典型人物报道淡化论”开始，论述了典型人物报道存在的必要性，并通过对典型报道定义的再认识、对典型人物报道的历史经验教训的总结，从受众心理学的角度分析得出结论：要搞好典型人物报道，不能忽视受众的需求和受众的心理。 本文根据受众心理过程中注意、理解、接受这三个主要阶段，以及可能会出现的逆反心理这四个受众心理学特征，来探讨如何进行典型人物报道。 要引起受众的注意，典型人物报道要有吸引力。吸引力缘自于立足于普通人、关注业界精英、个性人物和新鲜多样的报道形式； 要让受众能够理解，典型人物报道要有形象感。形象感缘自于在写作中体现人物的时代背景、内心世界和闪光细节；同时，报道还应讲究策略与时机； 要使受众接受，典型人物报道要有合理性。合理性缘自于真实客观、隐藏宣传目的和报道效果的强化； 要防止受众可能出现的逆反心理，典型人物报道一要掌握好“度”；二要尊重受众的思考意识，提供思辨空间。更多还原

【Abstract】 Typical story is a kind of report that focused on the most outstanding or the most representative thing or figure that occurred in a certain times. It is a tradition of news media in China. Nowadays, however, typical story especially typical character story is in a difficult position. This thesis tries to change the traditional report way that depends on the media into a new way that depends on the audience, and tries to find a solution to set the typical character story from difficulties.Beginning with the objection of "the theory of no-strengthening typical story ", this thesis discusses the necessity of typical character story and draws a conclusion from the psychology of audience: do not neglect the need and psychology of audience in reporting typical character story. The conclusion is based on the re-understanding of the conception of typical character story and the sum-up of typical character story’s historical experiences and lessons.There are three main psychological steps of audience梩he attention, the understanding and the acceptance. And the resistant mind is a step that will emerge most possibly in psychology of audience. According to these four steps, this thesis discusses the problem that how to report typical character story.To catch audience’s attention, we should make typical character story more attractive. The attraction comes form ordinary character, the elites, personality and different kinds of report means.To get audience’s understanding, we should visualize typical character story. We should emphasis the times background, the inside feeling and the delight details of the typical person. Meanwhile, we should publish the story timely and tactically.To get audience’s acceptance, we should make typical character story more reasonable. We should care about the reality and objectivity, the hidden purpose and the strengthening of report.To avoid the resistant mind’s emergence, we should value the thinking of audience and provide room of thinking in our typical character story.更多还原