【作者】 牛子宏；

【导师】 王德木；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 马克思主义理论与思想政治教育， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 马克思主义理论是科学的理论，自从它产生以来，就要求人们以科学的态度对待它。固守马克思主义的个别教条和任意篡改马克思主义的基本原理都不是科学的态度。只有以实事求是、批判创新的科学精神对待马克思主义，才是唯一正确的态度。毛泽东是坚持科学精神、创新精神的光辉典范。在领导中国革命和建设的实践过程中，毛泽东坚持实事求是的科学精神，把马克思主义的基本原理和中国实际相结合，实现了马克思主义中国化的第一次飞跃，丰富和发展了马克思主义。本文对毛泽东科学精神的涵义、基本内容及其意义作了初步的论述。 第一部分：毛泽东科学精神的涵义。毛泽东认为科学就是对事物本质的认识，科学精神就是“反对一切封建思想和迷信思想，主张实事求是，主张客观真理，主张理论和实践一致的。”马克思主义的科学精神，中国传统的科学精神以及五四时期的科学精神是毛泽东科学精神的理论来源。半殖民地半封建社会的复杂状况，是毛泽东科学精神形成的社会背景。最后，对民族、社会强烈的责任感是毛泽东科学精神形成的主观因素。 第二部：毛泽东科学精神的内容。首先，毛泽东科学精神的前提：解放思想的自由精神。人们只有从迷信“上级”、“本本”的思想束缚中解放出来，才能独立自主地探索中国革命道路。整风运动是解放思想的具体形式。其次，科学精神的灵魂：实事求是的理性精神。一切从实际出发，是实事求是的出发点；理论联系实际，是其根本途径；坚持实践是检验真理的唯一标准则是实事求是的必然要求。再次，毛泽东科学精神的动力：批判创新的进取精神。解放思想、实事求是和批判创新是辩证的统一。 第三部分：毛泽东科学精神的意义。以毛泽东为代表的共产党人坚持实事求是的科学精神，在领导中国革命和建设的过程中，创立了科学的理论毛泽东思想。以邓小平为代表新一代中央领导集体继承了毛泽东的科学精神，勇于实践，艰辛探索，开创了一条建设有中国特色的社会主义道路，形成了邓小平理论，最后，继承和弘扬毛泽东的科学精神，对予建构当代中华民族精神有重大意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Marxism is a scientific theory. It requires a scientific attitude to treat since it came into being. It is not a scientific attitude to sting to the doctrines stubbornly or chang its basic theory at will. And the scientific attitude is only to treat it pragmatically critically and innovately. Mao Zedong is an outstanding modle sticking to the scientific spirit. During his leadership in Chinese revolution and construction, Mao Zedong sticks to Marxism scientifically, unites it with the facts in china, thus firstly makes it develop skiply, and have enriched and developed the scientific spirit. This humble article is firstly to discuss the definition, contain and significance of Mao Zedong’ s scientific spirit. It consists of three parts:Part I is to discuss the difinition of Mao Zedong scientific spirit. Mao thinks that science is to realize the nature of things, and scientific spirit is "opposedas it is to all feudal and superstitious ideas, it stands for seeking truth from facts, for objection truth and for the unity of theory and practice". The theory of Mao Zedong’ s scientific spirit results from the Marxism spirit, Chinese traditions and the May4th spirit. The half-colonism and half-feudalism of social surroundings is the comprehensine background of Mao Zedong ’ s scientific spirit. Lastly, the strong responsibility of our peoples asnd society is the subjective factor of it. Part II is to discus the contain of Maozedong scientific spirit. The premise of Maozedong scientific spirit is the freedom spirit of emancipation. Only-setting free from doctrines and orders can we explore the way of Chinese liberation. And rectification Movement is the concrete emancipation way. Then the soul of scientific spirit is the reasonable spirit of seeking truth from facts. That all comes from facts is the outset of seeking truth from facts , and to unite theory with facts is its basic means. Sticking to the rule that the practices is the only criterion to measure truth is therequirement of seeking truth from facts. Lastly, the motive force of Mao Zedong’ s scientific spirit is the improving spirit of critics and innovation. Thus the emancipation, seeking truth from facts, and critical innovation are dialectically united.Part III is to discuss the significance of Mao Zedong scientific spirit, during his leadership in Chinese liberation and comstruction., The practices of sticking to the rule, which seeks truth from facts, helps Mao build the scientific theory, that is Mao Zedong idea, The new collective leadership headed by Deng Xiaoping, who inherit the spirit from Mao, and put it into practice with hard working, has invented a new Chinese characteristic way of building socialism, thus form Deng Xiaoping theory. Lastly, to inherit and uphold MaoZedong ’ s scientific spirit is of much significance to construct Chinese national spirit.更多还原