【作者】 李成方；

【导师】 王绪本； 王山山； 王运生；

【作者基本信息】 成都理工大学 ， 固体地球物理学， 2002， 硕士

【摘要】 探地雷达(Ground Penetrating Radar，简称GPR)又名地质雷达(Georadar)是近年来迅速发展的一种无损探测技术，广泛用于岩土勘查、工程建筑结构勘查、水文地质调查、考古、生态环境探测等方面，主要特点是高分辨率和高工作效率。数据处理(包括滤波、反褶积、偏移等)是GPR的研究重点之一，其目的是压制随机的不规则的干扰波，以最大可能的分辨率在探地雷达剖面上显示反射波，提取反射波的各种有用参数(振幅、相位、频率等)来帮助解释。 本论文的主要技术思路是将在地震勘探中是运用广泛、成熟的偏移方法技术合理地引入到GPR资料处理与解释中。本论文的核心内容包括：(1)通过对声波波动方程和电磁波波动方程对比分析，根据它们波动方程在形式上的一致性，建立将广泛应用于地震勘探中的偏移技术引入到GPR数据处理中的理论基础。(2)论文完成了对克希霍夫偏移、有限差分偏移和相位移偏移的理论和方法实现的研究。并利用相位移正演方法建立了四种地电模型，用以认识雷达剖面的特征、指导GPR剖面的地质解释和验证偏移方法的有效性。同时，利用这些偏移方法处理实际资料表明：处理后的资料在分辨率上大有提高，更有利于地质资料的解释。(3)对于自激自收的实测记录，本文尝试将地震勘探中的振幅恢复和能量均衡技术引入到探地雷达记录成像中，也同样收到了较好的效果。(4)基于上述理论基础、方法技术和可视化编程的要求，采用Visual C++6.0开发了GPR资料处理软件。该软件可以用于绘制波形图，可以实现滤波、正演、偏移等功能，且界面友好、使用方便。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ground penetrating radar or Georadar, is a new no destroying detection instrument with rapidly developing in recent years. It is applied to engineering, environment, archaeology and other aspects. Data processing’s theories and methods are one of the key aspects in GPR researching, because these are useful to picking up parameters in reflection wave including amplitude, phase, frequency and so on. These provide a possibility to improve the resolution before geological interpretation. There are ripe in reflection seismic, but elementary in GPR are elementary.There are four main parts in this paper. The first place, though analyzing between the sound approximately equation and the electromagnetic wave equation, we get the similarities in the form of equation. Based on these, we can easily take the migration theories and methods of reflection seismic into GPR’s. Secondly, three migration methods including Kirchhoff integral, 15?Finite difference and Wave equation phase displacement are discussed with the steps of performing on computer. These represent three main sorts at present. By phase displacement forward method, we synthesized some two-dimensional geoelectrical sections, for example 2-D dipping interface model, 2-D dual geoelectic interface model and concrete pipeline model in homogeneous soil media. Though migration methods processing these sections can prove the migration method’s efficiency and identify GPR profiles characters. Finally, using them process field GPR data. The results show that the migration results are much improved. From analyzing migration results, we can get much useful messages on them. Thirdly, three kinds of amplitude processing method are briefly presented. These methods can enhance the weak signal from depth and establish an energy balance within the gather. At last, base on the idea of visual programming, we used Visual C++ 6.0 to develop the data processing software of ground penetrating radar .The software can draw wiggle map at present. The function is perfection including filter, forward synthesis , migration etc. It is convenient to use with friendly interface.更多还原